Fig. 5.
Expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines is increased in IFT88Orpk mice. Livers from 2- and 4-wk-old mice were harvested and minced, and mRNA was extracted using TRIzol. Transcript levels of chemokine (C-C) motif ligand 2 (CCL2), IL-1β, colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), and TNF-α from whole liver tissue were determined by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to the housekeeping gene hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). For each gene, expression levels in 2-wk-old control mice were set to 1. RQ, relative quantification. Values are means ± SE; n = 5–7. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001.