Fig. 7.
Increased gene expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines in Ly6chi macrophages from IFT88Orpk mice. Gene expression of proproliferative cytokines (IL-6 and VEGF-A), profibrotic growth factors (TGF-β and PDGF-B), and Kdr, which encodes VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), in cholangiocytes, infiltrating macrophages, and resident macrophages isolated from the liver of 4-wk-old control and cilia mutant mice was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. RQ, relative quantification; HPRT, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase. Values are means ± SE; n = 5–6. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.