Table 2.
Demographic characteristics of the piano, reading, and control groups
| Demographic characteristics | Piano, n = 30 | Reading, n = 28 | Control, n = 16 | Group difference, P |
| Mean age, mo (SD) | 54.7 (3.3) | 54.6 (3.3) | 56.6 (4.6) | 0.174 |
| Male/female | 17/13 | 19/9 | 9/7 | 0.625 |
| IQ (SD) | 122.8 (10.9) | 120.5 (12.4) | 118.8 (9.9) | 0.478 |
| Digit span (SD) | 12.1 (3.5) | 11.3 (3.8) | 12.0 (2.7) | 0.664 |
| Flanker (SD) | 77.9 (18.7) | 78.4 (19.9) | 82.2 (19.8) | 0.756 |
Digit span scores are raw scores of the correct responses. The performance on the Flanker test is the percent correct responses. The P value for group difference in gender (male/female) was obtained using χ2 tests; the P values for other variables were obtained using one-way ANOVA.