Table 2.
Clinical features of the four groups of patients with endophthalmitis
| Variables | Posttraumatic (n = 1316) | Postsurgical (n = 110) | Endogenous (n = 124) | Corneal ulcer-associated (n = 43) | Statistics | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 1110 (84.3) | 67 (60.9) | 67 (54.0) | 23 (53.5) | χ2 = 109.635 | <0.001 |
| Female | 206 (15.7) | 43 (39.1) | 57 (46.0) | 20 (46.5) | ||
| Age (years) | 32.14 ± 18.05 | 57.33 ± 22.80 | 41.75 ± 23.37 | 49.30 ± 24.76 | F = 73.33 | <0.001 |
| Ethnic groups | ||||||
| Han | 1186 (90.1) | 107 (97.3) | 112 (90.3) | 38 (88.4) | – | 0.052** |
| Minority | 130 (9.9) | 3 (2.7) | 12 (9.7) | 5 (11.6) | ||
| Area | ||||||
| Rural | 915 (69.5) | 52 (47.3) | 55 (44.4) | 31 (72.1) | χ2 = 51.163 | <0.001 |
| Urban | 401 (30.5) | 58 (52.7) | 69 (55.6) | 12 (27.9) | ||
| Laterality* | ||||||
| Right | 681 (51.7) | 49 (44.5) | 66 (53.2) | 23 (53.5) | χ2 = 2.797 | 0.424 |
| Left | 631 (47.9) | 57 (51.8) | 49 (39.5) | 20 (46.5) | ||
| Associated systemic diseases | ||||||
| No | 1259 (95.7) | 73 (66.4) | 74 (59.7) | 28 (65.1) | χ2 = 271.990 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 57 (4.3) | 37 (33.6) | 50 (40.3) | 15 (34.9) | ||
| Culture results† | ||||||
| Positive | 207 (40.3) | 25 (35.7) | 29 (40.3) | 5 (35.7) | χ2 = 0.638 | 0.888 |
| Negative | 307 (59.7) | 45 (46.3) | 43 (59.7) | 9 (64.3) | ||
| Causative organisms‡ | ||||||
| Gram-positive | 138 (66.7) | 23 (92.0) | 13 (44.8) | 3 (60.0) | – | 0.001** |
| Gram-negative | 52 (25.1) | 2 (8.0) | 9 (31.0) | 1 (20.0) | ||
| Fungus | 5 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (20.7) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Multiple pathogens | 12 (5.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (20.0) | ||
| Discharge VA§ | 2.19 ± 0.69 | 1.73 ± 0.91 | 2.34 ± 0.72 | 2.80 ± 0.72 | F = 26.30 | <0.001 |
| Enucleation | ||||||
| No | 1161 (88.2) | 98 (89.1) | 101 (81.5) | 11 (25.6) | χ2 = 139.300 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 155 (11.8) | 12 (10.9) | 23 (18.5) | 32 (74.4) | ||
| Vitrectomy|| | ||||||
| Total | 689 | 63 | 64 | 1 | – | – |
| VA ≤ HM | 525 (76.5) | 48 (76.2) | 51 (79.7) | 1 (100) | ||
| VA > HM | 164 (23.5) | 15 (23.8) | 13 (20.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Duration of hospitalization (days) | 8.21 ± 3.67 | 8.66 ± 5.23 | 11.35 ± 8.66 | 6.95 ± 2.40 | F = 21.46 | <0.001 |
| Delay to diagnosis (days)¶ | 5.57 ± 19.09 | 8.07 ± 15.30 | 31.57 ± 58.13 | 82.15 ± 448.79 | F = 17.13 | <0.001 |
Values are n (%), n, or mean ± standard deviation. *17 cases of bilateral involvement were excluded in the statistical analysis; †670 cases which had cultures results were analyzed statistically; ‡266 cases of positive cultures were included in the statistical analysis; §17 cases of bilateral involvement, 151 cases of missing acuity and 1 case of impatient death were excluded in the statistical analysis; ||817 cases of patients who received vitrectomy were included in the descriptive analysis and VA standed for admission VA here; ¶14 cases of an unknown period were excluded; **Fisher’s exact test was used here. HM: Hand movement; VA: Visual acuity.