Table 2. Placental HM450 array DNA methylation data for amino acid transporter genes across gestation (1st trimester–term).
| Amino acid transporter | Mean 1st trimester methylation (beta units) | Mean term methylation (beta units) | Change (dB) | p value | Regulatory Feature Group | Relation to Island | Gene region | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene | Protein | |||||||
| SLC1A1 | EAAT3 | 0.08 | 0.08 | -0.004 | 7.5E-01 | Promoter | Island | 1stExon |
| SLC1A1 | 0.24 | 0.16 | -0.080 | 1.9E-03 | Promoter | N_Shore | Body | |
| SLC1A1 | 0.63 | 0.84 | 0.207 | 2.8E-08* | S_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC1A2 | EAAT2 | 0.16 | 0.25 | 0.090 | 1.0E-03 | Island | 5'UTR;1stExon | |
| SLC1A2 | 0.22 | 0.29 | 0.076 | 1.3E-03 | N_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC1A2 | 0.62 | 0.76 | 0.143 | 7.6E-05* | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC1A2 | 0.71 | 0.90 | 0.185 | 2.4E-04* | Enhancer | 3'UTR | ||
| SLC1A3 | EAAT1 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.004 | 6.1E-01 | 1stExon;5'UTR | ||
| SLC1A3 | 0.65 | 0.75 | 0.105 | 4.1E-07* | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC1A4 | ASCT1 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.003 | 6.4E-01 | Promoter | Island | 1stExon;5'UTR |
| SLC1A4 | 0.59 | 0.71 | 0.127 | 5.1E-04 | Promoter | S_Shore | Body;5'UTR | |
| SLC1A4 | 0.29 | 0.43 | 0.137 | 5.0E-06* | N_Shore | TSS1500 | ||
| SLC1A4 | 0.81 | 0.80 | -0.009 | 5.0E-01 | Body;Body | |||
| SLC1A5 | ASCT2 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.002 | 6.2E-01 | Promoter | Island | 1stExon;5'UTR |
| SLC1A5 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.003 | 5.3E-01 | Promoter | S_Shore | TSS1500 | |
| SLC1A5 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.086 | 1.0E-05* | Promoter | N_Shelf | 1stExon;5'UTR | |
| SLC1A5 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.013 | 2.3E-01 | Promoter | N_Shore | TSS1500;Body | |
| SLC1A5 | 0.59 | 0.53 | -0.053 | 7.8E-04 | N_Shore | TSS1500;Body | ||
| SLC1A5 | 0.91 | 0.89 | -0.023 | 5.8E-02 | Body | |||
| SLC1A6 | EAAT4 | 0.47 | 0.45 | -0.017 | 4.0E-01 | 1stExon | ||
| SLC1A6 | 0.59 | 0.51 | -0.083 | 1.7E-02 | Body | |||
| SLC1A7 | EAAT5 | 0.72 | 0.81 | 0.091 | 2.1E-04* | 1stExon;5'UTR | ||
| SLC1A7 | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.070 | 2.7E-04* | Island | Body | ||
| SLC1A7 | 0.83 | 0.84 | 0.010 | 6.7E-01 | S_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC1A7 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.022 | 7.5E-02 | N_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC1A7 | 0.63 | 0.74 | 0.117 | 7.9E-07* | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC3A1 | rBAT | 0.63 | 0.53 | -0.105 | 6.3E-03 | 1stExon | ||
| SLC3A1 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.014 | 7.5E-03 | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC3A1 | 0.54 | 0.59 | 0.045 | 7.8E-02 | Body | |||
| SLC3A2 | 4F2hc | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.005 | 8.1E-02 | Promoter | Body | |
| SLC3A2 | 0.77 | 0.76 | -0.005 | 6.7E-01 | Promoter | N_Shore | Body | |
| SLC3A2 | 0.89 | 0.86 | -0.036 | 5.8E-04 | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC3A2 | 0.09 | 0.05 | -0.037 | 7.9E-03 | Body | |||
| SLC7A1 | CAT1 | 0.09 | 0.09 | -0.003 | 8.5E-01 | Promoter | Island | 5'UTR;1stExon |
| SLC7A1 | 0.65 | 0.71 | 0.061 | 8.1E-03 | Enhancer | 5'UTR | ||
| SLC7A1 | 0.69 | 0.71 | 0.025 | 3.8E-01 | Promoter | N_Shore | 5'UTR | |
| SLC7A1 | 0.43 | 0.40 | -0.026 | 2.8E-01 | S_Shelf | Body | ||
| SLC7A1 | 0.60 | 0.54 | -0.067 | 3.4E-05* | Island | Body | ||
| SLC7A1 | 0.68 | 0.71 | 0.035 | 1.2E-01 | Body | |||
| SLC7A1 | 0.68 | 0.65 | -0.030 | 2.2E-01 | Island | 3'UTR | ||
| SLC7A1 | 0.61 | 0.71 | 0.099 | 1.9E-03 | N_Shelf | 3'UTR | ||
| SLC7A1 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.030 | 2.4E-02 | N_Shore | 3'UTR | ||
| SLC7A5 | LAT1 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.042 | 1.7E-03 | Promoter | Island | 1stExon |
| SLC7A5 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.030 | 1.3E-02 | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC7A5 | 0.72 | 0.74 | 0.026 | 2.4E-01 | Island | Body | ||
| SLC7A5 | 0.45 | 0.54 | 0.088 | 1.6E-04* | Enhancer | S_Shore | TSS1500 | |
| SLC7A5 | 0.23 | 0.30 | 0.074 | 2.3E-03 | N_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC7A5 | 0.59 | 0.70 | 0.112 | 1.0E-04* | N_Shelf | Body | ||
| SLC7A5 | 0.80 | 0.72 | -0.080 | 1.2E-04* | Body | |||
| SLC7A5 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.054 | 1.6E-03 | Enhancer | 3'UTR | ||
| SLC7A5 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.001 | 8.6E-01 | 3'UTR | |||
| SLC7A6 | y+LAT2 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.001 | 8.2E-01 | Promoter | Island | 5'UTR |
| SLC7A6 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.001 | 9.2E-01 | Promoter | S_Shore | 5'UTR | |
| SLC7A6 | 0.92 | 0.90 | -0.017 | 4.7E-01 | S_Shelf | 5'UTR | ||
| SLC7A6 | 0.92 | 0.90 | -0.011 | 2.2E-01 | Promoter | N_Shore | TSS1500 | |
| SLC7A7 | y+LAT1 | 0.35 | 0.34 | -0.012 | 5.5E-01 | 5'UTR;1stExon | ||
| SLC7A7 | 0.19 | 0.26 | 0.069 | 5.9E-03 | TSS1500;5'UTR | |||
| SLC7A7 | 0.85 | 0.81 | -0.039 | 4.9E-02 | TSS1500;5'UTR | |||
| SLC7A7 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.013 | 5.7E-01 | N_Shelf | 1stExon;5'UTR | ||
| SLC7A7 | 0.20 | 0.19 | -0.006 | 7.7E-01 | N_Shore | TSS200 | ||
| SLC7A7 | 0.32 | 0.42 | 0.099 | 6.1E-03 | Enhancer | N_Shore | TSS1500 | |
| SLC7A7 | 0.58 | 0.54 | -0.045 | 3.5E-01 | Body | |||
| SLC7A7 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 0.109 | 1.2E-04* | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC7A8 | LAT2 | 0.08 | 0.08 | -0.001 | 9.3E-01 | 5'UTR;1stExon | ||
| SLC7A8 | 0.74 | 0.68 | -0.060 | 2.6E-04* | Enhancer | 5'UTR;1stExon | ||
| SLC7A8 | 0.72 | 0.69 | -0.033 | 3.4E-03 | Enhancer | Body;TSS1500 | ||
| SLC7A8 | 0.63 | 0.72 | 0.090 | 2.6E-07* | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC7A8 | 0.89 | 0.91 | 0.021 | 1.3E-01 | 3'UTR | |||
| SLC7A9 | b(0,+)AT1 | 0.40 | 0.46 | 0.062 | 1.7E-02 | 1stExon;5'UTR | ||
| SLC7A9 | 0.73 | 0.82 | 0.096 | 1.4E-04* | Island | Body;Body | ||
| SLC7A9 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.012 | 5.4E-01 | N_Shore | Body;Body | ||
| SLC7A9 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.023 | 7.3E-02 | S_Shore | Body;Body | ||
| SLC7A10 | asc | 0.10 | 0.09 | -0.008 | 5.1E-01 | Island | TSS1500 | |
| SLC7A10 | 0.42 | 0.48 | 0.064 | 7.3E-05* | S_Shelf | Body | ||
| SLC7A10 | 0.42 | 0.53 | 0.110 | 4.3E-04* | N_Shelf | Body | ||
| SLC7A10 | 0.55 | 0.50 | -0.045 | 5.6E-02 | N_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC7A10 | 0.60 | 0.70 | 0.103 | 1.9E-03 | S_Shore | 3'UTR;3'UTR | ||
| SLC7A11 | xCT | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.005 | 5.3E-01 | 1stExon;5'UTR | ||
| SLC7A11 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.013 | 2.3E-01 | Body | |||
| SLC7A11 | 0.78 | 0.74 | -0.043 | 5.4E-04 | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC7A11 | 0.80 | 0.83 | 0.037 | 5.3E-05* | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC7A11 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.004 | 7.7E-01 | Enhancer | TSS1500 | ||
| SLC16A10 | TAT1 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.009 | 1.1E-01 | Promoter | Island | |
| SLC16A10 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.005 | 8.0E-01 | S_Shelf | Body | ||
| SLC16A10 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.032 | 3.4E-02 | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC38A1 | SNAT1 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.003 | 7.9E-01 | Promoter | Island | 5'UTR |
| SLC38A1 | 0.36 | 0.56 | 0.205 | 3.7E-08* | Promoter | S_Shore | TSS1500 | |
| SLC38A1 | 0.44 | 0.77 | 0.336 | 1.8E-07* | N_Shelf | 5'UTR | ||
| SLC38A1 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.025 | 2.0E-01 | Promoter | N_Shore | 5'UTR | |
| SLC38A1 | 0.90 | 0.88 | -0.016 | 1.8E-02 | Body | |||
| SLC38A1 | 0.93 | 0.90 | -0.027 | 5.1E-05* | Enhancer | 3'UTR | ||
| SLC38A2 | SNAT2 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.003 | 6.9E-01 | Promoter | Island | 5'UTR |
| SLC38A2 | 0.41 | 0.40 | -0.014 | 2.8E-01 | Promoter | S_Shore | TSS1500 | |
| SLC38A2 | 0.66 | 0.79 | 0.128 | 5.2E-05* | S_Shore | TSS1500 | ||
| SLC38A2 | 0.91 | 0.85 | -0.053 | 9.0E-03 | Promoter | N_Shelf | Body | |
| SLC38A2 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.005 | 5.5E-01 | Promoter | N_Shore | Body | |
| SLC38A2 | 0.93 | 0.93 | -0.001 | 9.6E-01 | 3'UTR | |||
| SLC38A3 | SNAT3 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.008 | 1.3E-01 | Island | 5'UTR | |
| SLC38A3 | 0.77 | 0.86 | 0.089 | 1.1E-03 | S_Shelf | 5'UTR | ||
| SLC38A3 | 0.51 | 0.75 | 0.235 | 8.0E-06* | Enhancer | N_Shore | TSS1500 | |
| SLC38A4 | SNAT4 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.011 | 8.6E-02 | 1stExon;5'UTR | ||
| SLC38A4 | 0.63 | 0.81 | 0.188 | 4.1E-06* | Enhancer | 5'UTR | ||
| SLC38A4 | 0.89 | 0.89 | 0.001 | 9.6E-01 | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC38A4 | 0.16 | 0.25 | 0.099 | 2.2E-04* | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC38A4 | 0.91 | 0.89 | -0.022 | 8.4E-02 | N_Shelf | TSS1500 | ||
| SLC38A6 | SNAT6 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.002 | 6.2E-01 | Unclassified | Island | 5'UTR |
| SLC38A6 | 0.90 | 0.92 | 0.014 | 6.4E-02 | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC43A1 | LAT3 | 0.12 | 0.11 | -0.005 | 4.0E-01 | Promoter | Island | 1stExon;5'UTR |
| SLC43A1 | 0.25 | 0.34 | 0.086 | 1.7E-03 | Enhancer | Body | ||
| SLC43A1 | 0.70 | 0.82 | 0.118 | 5.6E-06* | S_Shelf | Body | ||
| SLC43A1 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.012 | 3.3E-02 | S_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC43A1 | 0.53 | 0.59 | 0.062 | 7.4E-03 | N_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC43A2 | LAT4 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.038 | 3.8E-02 | Promoter | 5'UTR | |
| SLC43A2 | 0.63 | 0.52 | -0.110 | 3.3E-08* | Enhancer | S_Shore | Body | |
| SLC43A2 | 0.59 | 0.58 | -0.013 | 3.0E-01 | N_Shore | Body | ||
| SLC43A2 | 0.75 | 0.74 | -0.013 | 3.5E-01 | Body | |||
| SLC43A2 | 0.59 | 0.38 | -0.208 | 1.4E-07* | Enhancer | Island | 3'UTR | |
DNA methylation change across gestation. Bold indicates significance, * p < 4.3E-04.