Table 3. Time to first episode of malaria by mother’s IPTp treatment arm overall and stratified by infant sex.
| Sex | Mother’s IPTp treatment arm | Number of children | Number with any malaria | Cumulative risk of any malaria (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | p-value | aHRa (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allb | SP8w | 100 | 26 | 28.4% (20.2%–38.3%) |
reference | reference | ||
| DP8w | 44 | 13 | 30.8% (19.2%–47.1%) |
1.15 (0.59–2.26) |
0.68 | 1.36 (0.67–2.76) |
0.40 | |
| DP4w | 47 | 16 | 37.0% (24.6%–53.2%) |
1.54 (0.82–2.91) |
0.18 | 1.76 (0.93–3.35) |
0.08 | |
| Female | SP8w | 51 | 11 | 24.3% (14.3%–39.7%) |
reference | reference | ||
| DP8w | 24 | 5 | 22.4% (10.0%–45.7%) |
0.97 (0.33–2.83) |
0.96 | 1.21 (0.39–3.69) |
0.74 | |
| DP4w | 23 | 11 | 52.4% (33.3%–74.3%) |
2.97 (1.29–6.84) |
0.01 | 3.40 (1.55–7.96) |
0.002 | |
| Male | SP8w | 49 | 15 | 32.3% (20.9%–47.8%) |
reference | reference | ||
| DP8w | 20 | 8 | 40.0% (22.4%–64.3%) |
1.35 (0.58–3.18) |
0.49 | 1.51 (0.59–3.88) |
0.39 | |
| DP4w | 24 | 5 | 22.7% (10.1%–46.3%) |
0.71 (0.25–1.98) |
0.51 | 0.82 (0.29–2.32) |
0.71 | |
aAdjusted for maternal age, gravidity, LAMP status at enrolment, and maternal clustering for twin gestation.
bInteraction p-value between female sex and IPTp arm: 0.63 for ITPp-DP8w; 0.03 for IPTp-DP4w.
Abbreviations: aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; DP4w, IPTp-DP every 4 weeks; DP8w, IPTp-DP given every 8 weeks; HR, hazard ratio; IPTp, intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy; LAMP, loop-mediated isothermal amplification; SP8w, IPTp-SP given every 8 weeks.