TABLE 2.
Index hospitalization characteristics before and after propensity score matching.
| All MCCT (N = 478) |
Eligible Controls (N=537) |
p-value | Matched MCCT (N=365) |
Matched Controls (N=365) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Discharge diagnosis, N (%) | ||||||
| Gastrointestinal conditions | 40 (8.4%) | 47 (8.8%) | 0.83 | 30 (8.2%) | 34 (9.3%) | 0.60 |
| Atrial fibrillation and other cardiac dysrhythmias | 23 (4.8%) | 35 (6.5%) | 0.24 | 16 (4.4%) | 26 (7.1%) | 0.11 |
| Heart failure | 44 (9.2%) | 33 (6.2%) | 0.07 | 30 (8.2%) | 22 (6.0%) | 0.25 |
| Pneumonia | 25 (5.2%) | 35 (6.5%) | 0.39 | 20 (5.5%) | 22 (6.0%) | 0.75 |
| Myocardial infarction or coronary atherosclerosis | 19 (4%) | 29 (5.4%) | 0.29 | 12 (3.3%) | 21 (5.8%) | 0.11 |
| Rehabilitation, device/ prosthesis management | 23 (4.8%) | 15 (2.8%) | 0.09 | 21 (5.8%) | 10 (2.7%) | 0.04 |
| Sepsis | 28 (5.9%) | 23 (4.3%) | 0.25 | 17 (4.7%) | 13 (3.6%) | 0.46 |
| Urinary tract infection | 18 (3.8%) | 11 (2.1%) | 0.10 | 16 (4.4%) | 10 (2.7%) | 0.23 |
| COPD or asthma exacerbation | 16 (3.4%) | 32 (6.0%) | 0.05 | 15 (4.1%) | 25 (6.9%) | 0.10 |
| Acute renal failure | 14 (2.9%) | 22 (4.1%) | 0.32 | 12 (3.3%) | 15 (4.1%) | 0.56 |
| Arthritis/back issue | 15 (3.1%) | 29 (5.4%) | 0.08 | 11 (3.0%) | 13 (3.6%) | 0.68 |
| Cancer | 17 (3.6%) | 10 (1.9%) | 0.09 | 16 (4.4%) | 8 (2.2%) | 0.10 |
| Complications from device/procedure | 18 (3.8%) | 20 (3.7%) | 0.97 | 12 (3.3%) | 12 (3.3%) | 1.00 |
| Delirium or dementia | 11 (2.3%) | 13 (2.4%) | 0.90 | 11 (3.0%) | 8 (2.2%) | 0.49 |
| Hip fracture | 11 (2.3%) | 12 (2.2%) | 0.94 | 8 (2.2%) | 7 (1.9%) | 0.79 |
| Non-hip fracture | 13 (2.7%) | 23 (4.3%) | 0.18 | 11 (3.0%) | 11 (3.0%) | 1.00 |
| Adult respiratory failure | 8 (1.7%) | 5 (0.9%) | 0.29 | 7 (1.9%) | 4 (1.1%) | 0.36 |
| Syncope or dizziness | 8 (1.7%) | 4 (0.74%) | 0.17 | 6 (1.6%) | 4 (1.1%) | 0.52 |
| Skin Infection or ulcer | 7 (1.5%) | 6 (1.1%) | 0.62 | 5 (1.4%) | 4 (1.1%) | 0.74 |
| Hypertension | 3 (0.6%) | 5 (0.9%) | 0.59 | 3 (0.8%) | 5 (1.4%) | 0.48 |
| Stroke/TIA | 12 (2.5%) | 14 (2.6%) | 0.92 | 9 (2.5%) | 9 (2.5%) | 1.00 |
| Diabetes | 3 (0.6%) | 8 (1.5%) | 0.19 | 1 (0.3%) | 3 (0.8%) | 0.62* |
| Alcohol or substance disorders | 0 | 5 (0.9%) | 0.06* | 0 | 3 (0.8%) | 0.25* |
| Psychiatric condition | 0 | 5 (0.9%) | 0.06* | 0 | 3 (0.8%) | 0.25* |
| Other | 102 (21.3%) | 96 (17.9%) | 0.16 | 76 (20.8%) | 73 (20.0%) | 0.78 |
| Length of stay, days, mean (SD) | 5.5 (5.2) | 5.4 (4.7) | 0.66 | 5.4 (4.5) | 5.2 (4.8) | 0.67 |
| Medication use, N (%) | ||||||
| Opioids | 182 (38.1%) | 184 (34.3%) | 0.21 | 142 (38.9%) | 126 (34.5%) | 0.22 |
| Sedatives/hypnotics | 104 (21.8%) | 124 (23.1%) | 0.61 | 83 (22.7%) | 90 (24.7%) | 0.54 |
| Cardiovascular drugs | 446 (93.3%) | 494 (92.0%) | 0.43 | 335 (91.8%) | 344 (94.3%) | 0.19 |
| Insulin or sulfonylureas | 112 (23.4%) | 123 (22.9%) | 0.84 | 78 (21.4%) | 89 (24.4%) | 0.33 |
| Warfarin or other anticoagulants | 157 (32.9%) | 147 (27.4%) | 0.06 | 116 (31.8%) | 101 (27.7%) | 0.23 |
NOTES:
*
Fisher’s Exact test was used due to small sample size; all other comparisons were performed using the chi square test.
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; TIA, transient ischemic attack.