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. 2018 Jul 11;9:724. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00724

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

(A) Primary microglial cell cultures were treated with vehicle (V) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 ng/μl). (B–H) Immunofluorescence staining for markers of microglia (IBA-1) are presented (scale bar is 10 μm). Enzymes of the kynurenine pathway and microglia marker expression in primary microglial cell cultures. The mRNA levels of C1q (B), IDO1 (C), IDO2 (D), TDO (E), KMO (F), KYNU (G), and HAOO (H) in non-stimulated and LPS-treated microglial primary cell cultures. The data are presented as fold change relative to control and relative mRNA level. Inter-group differences were analyzed using a t-test. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗p < 0.001 indicate differences compared to the LPS-treated cells. Abbreviations: V/-, not stimulated; V/+, LPS-stimulated.