Table 4.

Within-Group effect among math intervention group in calculation fluency across the time periods and task.

Task		WS effects	WS contrast
			Baseline	Intervention	Follow-up
Forced fact retrieval	F (df)	118.8 (2, 126)	NA	194.6 (1, 63)	3.5 (1, 63)
	sig.	0.00	NA	0.00	0.07
	${\text{η}}_{\text{p}}^2$	0.65	NA	0.76	0.05
Addition fluency (2 min)	F (df)	64.1 (2, 119.5)a	33.0 (1.61)	58.0 (1, 61)	0.4 (1, 61)
	sig.	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.56
	${\text{η}}_{\text{p}}^2$	0.51	0.35	0.49	0.01
Subtraction fluency (2 min)	F (df)	20.0 (2.6, 162.7)b	4.23 (1.62)	4.1 (1, 62)	14.7 (1, 62)
	sig.	0.00	0.04	0.05	0.00
	${\text{η}}_{\text{p}}^2$	0.24	0.06	0.06	0.19
Arithmetic fluency (3 min)	F (df)	34.2 (2, 128)	NA	35.3 (1, 64)	5.9 (1, 64)
	sig.	0.00	NA	0.00	0.02
	${\text{η}}_{\text{p}}^2$	0.35	NA	0.36	0.08

^aGreenhouse-Geisser; ^bHuynh-Feldt.