Table 1.

Recent studies implicating NETs in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases.

Factor	Finding	Relevant References
Genetic Risk	W620 polymorphism in PTPN22 promotes NETs	[46]
Environment	Microorganisms, nicotine, heavy metals induce NETs	[2,13,15]
Innate Immune Responses	NETS promote activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and STING pathway	[4,50]
Adaptive Immune Responses	NETs promote Autoantibody production, while certain autoantibodies and immune complexes trigger NETosis	[45]
Organ Damage	Nets are implicated in vascular damage, thrombosis, glomerulonephritis, skin disease, and poor pregnancy outcomes	[4,16,17,19,21,22,26,31–33,35,38,51]