Table 1.
Sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical and polymorphism characteristics of the study groups
| Variable | Total n = 149 |
OO n = 50 |
DieTBra n = 49 |
DieTBra + OO n = 50 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 39.63 ± 8.82 | 38.14 ± 8.14 | 39.14 ± 8.16 | 41.60 ± 9.85 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 127 (85.2) | 45 (90.0) | 40 (81.6) | 42 (84.0) |
| Male | 22 (14.8) | 5 (10.0) | 9 (18.4) | 8 (16.0) |
| Years of schooling | 9.60 ± 3.05 | 9.66 ± 2.95 | 9.86 ± 2.96 | 9.28 ± 3.26 |
| Social status | ||||
| A/B | 34 (22.8) | 13 (26.0) | 10 (20.4) | 11 (22.0) |
| C | 64 (43.0) | 20 (40.0) | 24 (49.0) | 20 (40.0) |
| D/E | 51 (34.2) | 17 (34.0) | 15 (30.6) | 19 (38.0) |
| Weight (kg) | 118.81 ± 19.47 | 117.38 ± 18.69 | 120.44 ± 20.85 | 118.64 ± 19.10 |
| Height (m) | 1.60 ± 0.07 | 1.60 ± 0.07 | 1.61 ± 0.08 | 1.60 ± 0.06 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 46.04 ± 6.41 | 45.77 ± 6.27 | 46.22 ± 6.26 | 46.13 ± 6.79 |
| Fat mass (kg)* | 54.05 ± 11.04 | 52.39 ± 11.77 | 55.21 ± 8.32 | 54.37 ± 11.03 |
| Fat free mass (kg)* | 53.42 ± 8.04 | 53.49 ± 7.92 | 54.16 ± 7.42 | 52.64 ± 8.81 |
| Body fat percentage (%)* | 51.62 ± 5.18 | 50.56 ± 5.11 | 51.54 ± 4.70 | 52.63 ± 5.60 |
| Lean mass (kg)* | 51.07 ± 7.93 | 51.07 ± 7.81 | 51.84 ± 7.5 | 50.33 ± 8.60 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 109.95 ± 45.24 | 104.44 ± 29.03 | 107.43 ± 35.15 | 117.94 ± 63.45 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/mL) | 23.42 ± 14.86 | 25.24 ± 17.74 | 24.40 ± 14.64 | 20.65 ± 11.39 |
| HOMA-IR | 6.40 ± 4.89 | 6.78 ± 5.87 | 6.68 ± 4.76 | 5.75 ± 3.87 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.30 ± 1.43 | 6.13 ± 1.27 | 6.26 ± 1.42 | 6.52 ± 1.58 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 189.12 ± 38.10 | 187.74 ± 37.59 | 184.31 ± 33.40 | 195.22 ± 42.61 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 47.62 ± 11.35 | 47.18 ± 10.32 | 48.45 ± 10.51 | 47.26 ± 13.16 |
| LDL cholesterol, (mg/dL) | 109.44 ± 35.48 | 106.94 ± 29.96 | 106.40 ± 32.56 | 114.76 ± 42.51 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 160.31 ± 78.40 | 160.46 ± 79.86 | 154.76 ± 87.76 | 165.6 ± 67.72 |
| MVPA (min/week)† | 44.29 ± 61.11 | 46.85 ± 56.89 | 49.10 ± 69.57 | 37.04 ± 56.83 |
| Sedentary time (min/d) | 1176.85 ± 83.28 | 1171.35 ± 73.25 | 1171.24 ± 81.74 | 1187.85 ± 8.12 |
| Pro12Ala polymorphism‡ | ||||
| ProPro | 126 (86.9) | 43 (43.4) | 41 (40.8) | 42 (41.7) |
| ProAla+AlaAla | 19 (13.1) | 7 (6.6) | 6 (6.2) | 6 (6.3) |
| Pro alelle | 270 (93.1) | 92 (92.0) | 88 (93.6) | 90 (93.8) |
| Ala alelle | 20 (6.9) | 8 (8.0) | 6 (6.4) | 6 (6.2) |
| -174G > C polymorphism§ | ||||
| GG | 96 (65.3) | 38 (39.6) | 29 (30.2) | 29 (30.2) |
| CG + CC | 51 (34.7) | 12 (23.5) | 18 (35.3) | 21 (41.2) |
| G alelle | 238 (81.0) | 87 (87.0) | 75 (79.8) | 76 (76.0) |
| C alelle | 56 (19.0) | 13 (13.0) | 19 (20.2) | 24 (24.0) |
There was no difference among the groups for any variable. Data are shown as absolute means ± SD or N (%). OO: olive oil group, DieTBra: traditional Brazilian diet group, DieTBra+OO: traditional Brazilian diet plus olive oil group, BMI: Body Mass Index, HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, HbA1c haemoglobin A1c, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, MVPA moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
*n = 111, OO: n = 34, DieTBra: n = 38, DieTBra+OO: n = 39, †n =140, OO: n = 47, BraDiet: n = 46, BraDiet+OO: n = 47, ‡n = 145, §n = 147