Table 2.
Change in energy and macronutrient intake according to the intervention group after 12 weeks of nutritional intervention
| OO | DieTBra | DieTBra+OO | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline N = 50 |
Final follow-up N = 43 |
P* | Baseline N = 49 |
Final follow-up N = 43 |
P* | Baseline N = 50 |
Final follow-up N = 47 |
P* | |
| Total energy intake (kcal/day) | 1594.3 ± 580.5 | 1708.7 ± 545.8 | 0.147 | 1661.2 ± 603.8 | 1219.9 ± 387.4 | < 0.001 | 1814.0 ± 904.7 | 1395.6 ± 403.6 | < 0.001 |
| ∆ | 114.39 ± 561.06a,b | − 441.2 ± 573.8a | − 418.4 ± 778.2b | ||||||
| Carbohydrates (% total energy) | 50.2 ± 9.5 | 46.7 ± 8.0* | 0.044 | 52.6 ± 9.4 | 51.7 ± 8.9 | 0.708 | 51.3 ± 7.7 | 45.4 ± 6.7* | < 0.001 |
| ∆ | − 3.52 ± 11.36 | − 0.9 ± 11.0 | −5.9 ± 10.4 | ||||||
| Protein (% total energy) | 16.9 ± 4.3 | 15.7 ± 4.1 | 0.143 | 17.2 ± 4.8 | 18.3 ± 4.9 | 0.209 | 18.3 ± 5.1 | 16.8 ± 5.8 | 0.200 |
| ∆ | − 1.16 ± 4.56 | 1.1 ± 6.4 | − 1.5 ± 6.8 | ||||||
| Fat (% total energy) | 26.7 ± 6.1 | 34.5 ± 7.6 | < 0.001 | 28.7 ± 7.2 | 25.3 ± 6.3 | 0.009 | 28.3 ± 6.7 | 35.0 ± 8.5* | < 0.001 |
| ∆ | 7.79 ± 9.74a | −3.4 ± 7.6a,b | 6.7 ± 11.6b | ||||||
| MUFA (% total fat) | 7.96 ± 2.98 | 15.00 ± 7.01 | < 0.001 | 7.75 ± 2.84 | 6.61 ± 3.13 | 0.072 | 7.60 ± 1.97 | 16.30 ± 6.75 | < 0.001 |
| ∆ | 7.04 ± 7.53a | − 1.14 ± 3.52a,b | 8.70 ± 6.98b | ||||||
| PUFA (% total fat) | 15.52 ± 5.34 | 12.92 ± 3.21 | 0.016 | 14.54 ± 4.91 | 14.11 ± 5.68 | 0.562 | 15.13 ± 4.46 | 12.55 ± 3.62 | 0.009 |
| ∆ | − 2.60 ± 6.39 | − 0.43 ± 6.84 | − 2.58 ± 6.20 | ||||||
| SAF (% total fat) | 28.59 ± 8.07 | 24.27 ± 5.07 | 0.002 | 31.63 ± 7.75 | 29.67 ± 7.96 | 0.346 | 28.23 ± 6.01 | 23.44 ± 5.85 | < 0.001 |
| ∆ | − 4.22 ± 8.80 | − 1.96 ± 9.84 | − 4.80 ± 7.28 | ||||||
| P:S ratio | 0.62 ± 0.35 | 0.55 ± 0.18 | 0.340 | 0.51 ± 0.26 | 0.50 ± 0.22 | 0.971 | 0.57 ± 0.23 | 0.57 ± 0.21 | 0.949 |
| ∆ | −0.07 ± 0.38 | − 0.01 ± 0.31 | 0.001 ± 0.31 | ||||||
Data are shown as absolute means ± SD or N (%). OO olive oil group, DieTBra traditional Brazilian diet group, DieTBra + OO traditional Brazilian diet plus olive oil group, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids, SAF saturated fatty acids, P:S ratio PUFA:SAF ratio, ∆: 12th week measurement – baseline measurement
*Wilcoxon signed rank test
Equal letters mean significant difference between groups (p < 0.05) compared by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Bonferroni correction post-hoc test