Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the study’s population

Baseline characteristics	Compensated diabetes N = 72,591 NE = 356,810	Decompensated diabetes N = 1113 NE = 5553	P value
Age-mean (SD), years	64 ± 14	63 ± 15	< 0.001
Female	41.0%	47.3%	< 0.001
Race			0.752
Caucasian	70.5%	70.1%
African American	10.5%	11.5%
Hispanic	11.1%	11.2%
Dyslipidemia	52.3%	32.4%	< 0.001
Hypertension	70.8%	51.7%	< 0.001
Prior sternotomy	7.3%	6.5%	0.361
Chronic lung disease	18.2%	13.7%	< 0.001
Atrial fibrillation/flutter	15.5%	12.0%	0.001
Anemia	16.1%	19.4%	0.003
Coagulopathy	4.0%	7.5%	< 0.001
Conduction abnormality	5.8%	7.2%	0.05
Congestive heart failure	0.7%	4.7%	< 0.001
Cardiogenic shock	9.3%	23.9%	< 0.001
Drug abuse	1.4%	3.3%	< 0.001
Smoking	26.6%	20.6%	< 0.001
Vascular disease	10.4%	8.8%	0.077
Coronary artery disease	64.6%	48.4%	< 0.001
Prior stroke	3.3%	2.6%	0.182
Chronic renal failure	17.4%	21.2%	0.001
Liver disease	1.1%	2.0%	0.005
Teaching hospital	43.2%	44.8%	0.285
Rural hospital location	15.1%	12.5%	0.016
Primary payer-no (%)			< 0.001
Medicare/medicaid	65.1%	62.0%
Private insurance	25.3%	24.8%
Self-pay	6.0%	9.8%
No charge/other	3.7%	3.4%

SD standard deviation