Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants categorized by changes of P50 of WC and weight loss of the participants
| All subjects | Δ Waist circumference (cm) | Δ Weight (kg) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 33 | Baseline | 6-months | P | < P50 | ≥ P50 | < P50 | ≥ P50 |
| Δ Anthropometry | |||||||
| Weight (kg) | 100.1 (9) | 91.2 (19) | < 0.001 | −6.1 (2) | − 11.2 (4) | −5.0 (2) | − 12.3 (33) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.8 (4) | 31.7 (5) | < 0.001 | − 2.2 (1) | −3.9 (1)* | − 1.8 (0.9)* | −4.4 (1)* |
| WC (cm) | 110 (13) | 102 (14) | < 0.001 | −4.8 (2) | − 12.3 (3) | −5.6 (3.5)* | − 11.5 (4)* |
| % TFM | 37 (10) | 31 (9) | < 0.001 | −4.5 (3) | −8.6 (3)* | −4.0 (2) | −9.1 (3) |
| VAT (kg) | 3.1 (1.7) | 2.2 (1) | < 0.001 | − 0.8 (0.9) | − 0.9 (1) | − 0.8 (0.9) | − 0.9 (1) |
| Δ General biochemistry | |||||||
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 121.5 (37) | 117.0 (32) | 0.118 | −1.2 (13) | −7.6 (18) | −2.4 (9) | −6.4 (20) |
| Homa-IR | 4.4 (3) | 2.5 (3) | < 0.001 | −1.7 (2) | −1.8 (15) | − 1.7 (2) | −1.8 (1) |
| TC (mg/dl) | 379 (144) | 272 (106) | 0.001 | −55.3 (154) | − 155.1 (172) | −70.0 (24) | − 141.3 (199) |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 46.5 (10) | 49.0 (10) | 0.069 | 2.8 (7) | 2.0 (7) | 4.7 (6) | 0.07 (8) |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 136.0 (44) | 167.3 (38) | 0.001 | 46.6 (37) | 14.0 (57) | 43.8 (35) | 17.7 (60) |
| TG (mg/dl) | 198.6 (120) | 160.4 (116) | 0.003 | −16.4 (74) | −61.2 (59) | −28.5 (75) | −48.3 (64) |
| TyG -index | 9.1 (0.7) | 8.9 (0.7) | < 0.001 | −0.1 (0.3) | −0.3 (0.3) | −0.2 (0.3) | − 0.3 (0.3) |
| SBP (mmHg) | 153.3 (21) | 140.7 (15) | 0.003 | −12.9 (20) | −12.1 (24) | −7.1 (21) | − 18.3 (23) |
| DBP(mmHg) | 84.4 (9) | 79.4 (10) | 0.022 | −5.7 (9) | −4.0 (14) | −2.6 (10) | −7.2 (12) |
| Δ Hepatic status | |||||||
| ALT (U/L) | 34.9 (21) | 23.1 (8) | 0.001 | −9.3 (15) | −14.2 (23) | − 13.0 (15) | − 10.3 (24) |
| AST (U/L) | 26.0 (11) | 21.3 (5) | 0.027 | −2.1 (9) | −7.5 (13) | −5.3 (10) | −4.1 (13) |
| GGT (U/L) | 45.6 (32) | 31.6 (19) | < 0.001 | −13.1 (18) | −14.8 (17) | − 15.8 (19) | −11.9 (16) |
| FLI | 84.7 (18) | 64.9 (27) | < 0.001 | −10.1 (11) | −30.0 (16)* | − 10.6 (10) | −29.4 (17)* |
| M30 (U/L) | 199.9 (14) | 123.9 (48) | 0.002 | −57.6 (110) | −45.4 (145) | −82.5 (152) | −69.0 (106) |
| M65 (U/L) | 325.7 (206) | 213.7 (72) | 0.002 | −79.6 (149) | − 146.2 (241) | −116.5 (215) | − 107.0 (187) |
| HSI | 47.7 (6) | 42.6 (6) | < 0.001 | −4.2 (3) | −5.9 (3) | − 4.1 (36) | −6.0 (3) |
| VAI | 3.2 (2) | 2.4 (2) | 0.008 | −0.5 (1) | −1.2 (1) | −0.7 (1) | −0.9 (1) |
| NAFLD_LFS | 1.8 (2) | 0.2 (2) | < 0.001 | −1.2 (1) | −1.9 (1) | − 1.5 (1) | −1.6 (2) |
| BARD score | 2.7 (1) | 2.9 (1) | 0.587 | 0.5 (1) | −0.3 (1) | 0.4 (1) | −0.1 (1) |
| BAAT score | 2.1 (0.7) | 1.7 (0.6) | < 0.001 | −0.2 (0.4) | −0.6 (0.6) | − 0.3 (0.4) | −0.5 (0.6) |
| Δ Inflammatory status | |||||||
| hsCRP (mg/l) | 4.6 (6) | 2.6 (3) | 0.035 | −2.2 (6) | −1.8 (3) | −1.2 (2) | −2.9 (7) |
(mean ± SD). Pared and independent t tests were carried out. *p < 0.05, comparison within each group (<WC/weight P50 vs ≥ WC/weight P50). P-values were adjusted using an ancova test adjusting for sex and gender
BMI Body Mass Index, WC Waist Circumference, TFM Total Fat Mass, VAT Visceral Adipose Tissue, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, HOMA-IR Insulin Resistance HOMA index, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, TC Total Cholesterol, HDL High Density Lipoprotein, LDL Low Density Lipoprotein, TyG triglycerides/glucose ratio, TG Triglycerides, ALT Alanine Transaminase, AST Aspartate Transaminase, GGT Gamma-glutamyl transferase, HSI hepatic steatosis index, VAI Visceral adipose index, NAFLD_LFS Fatty liver disease, BARD score; BAAT score and hsCRP his sensitivy C-reactive protein