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. 2018 Jul 17;9:33. doi: 10.1186/s13293-018-0181-y

Table 1.

Lifespan and rate of aging comparisons between females and males in mammals, birds or insects

Lifespan Rate of aging References
Female Male Female Male
Mammals
 Primates Sifaka Propithecus verreauxi 24 20 0.0991 0.186 [118]a,b
Northern Muriqui Brachyteles hypoxanthus 27 27 0.129 0.148 [118]a,b
Capuchin Cebus capucinus 20 13 0.165 0.294 [118]a,b
Yellow Baboon Papio cynocephalus 28 23 0.123 0.213 [118]a,b
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes 39 41 0.0992 0.137 [118]a,b
Gorilla Gorilla beringei 39 35 0.211 0.182 [118]a,b
Mandrill Mandrillus sphinx 22.23 12.70 [35]d
Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta 9.44 5.51 [35]d
Japanese macaque Macaca fuscata 7.33 4.30 [35]d
Gelada Theropithecus gelada 9.62 7.60 [35]d
 Carnivora Ringed seal Phoca hispida 37 40 0.056 0.057 [119]a,c
African wild dog Lycaon pictus 3.29 3.66 [35]d
Southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina 4.18 3.12 [35]d
 Rodentia Black-tailed prairie dog Cynomys ludovicianus 2.80 1.74 [35]d
North American beaver Castor canadensis 2.93 2.75 [35]d
 Perrisodactyla Burchell’s zebra Equus burchelli 49 55 0.106 0.094 [119]a,c
 Artiodactyla Impala Aepyceros melampus 6 6 [37]e
Gaur Bos gaurus 11 6 [37]e
Wild goat Capra aegagrus 3.75 2.5 [37]e
Alpine ibex Capra ibex 12 12.5 [37]e
Iberian ibex Capra pyrenaica 6 5 [37]e
Wildebeeste Connochaetes taurinus 5.5 5 [37]e
Topi Damaliscus lunatus 3.5 3.5 [37]e
Topi Damaliscus lunatus 6 6 0.326 0.311 [119]a,c
Defassa Waterbuck Kobus defassa 8 8 [37]e
Lechwe Kobus leche 6 6 [37]e
Mountain goat Oreamnos americanus 9 4 [37]e
Mountain goat Oreamnos americanus 8.18 5.82 [35]d
Soay sheep Ovis aries 2 2 [37]e
Soay sheep Ovis aries 5.13 3.12 [35]d
Bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis 7.5 5 [37]e
Dall Mountain Sheep Ovis dalli 9.5 11 [37]e
Dall Mountain Sheep Ovis dalli 13 13 0.118 0.170 [119]a,c
Isard Rupicapra pyre ica 11 12 [37]e
Chamois Rupicapra rupicapra 7 6.5 [37]e
African buffalo Syncerus caffer 11 11 [37]e
African buffalo Syncerus caffer 16 22 0.143 0.084 [119]a,c
African buffalo Syncerus caffer 7.36 7.38 [35]d
Greater kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros 8 4 [37]e
Moose Alces alces 7 3.5 [37]e
Roe deer Capreolus capreolus 8.25 5 [37]e
Roe deer Capreolus capreolus 7.91 5.01 [35]d
Elk Cervus canadensis 18 8 [37]e
Elk Cervus elaphus canadensis 16.05 7.64 [35]d
Red deer Cervus elaphus 10 7 [37]e
Red deer Cervus elaphus 10.6 8.0 [35]d
Sika deer Cervus nippon 11 8 [37]e
Black-tailed deer Odocoileus hemionus columbianus 5 3 [37]e
Reindeer Rangifer tarandus 6.5 4.5 [37]e
Reindeer Rangifer tarandus 16 11 0.111 0.212 [119]a,c
Reindeer Rangifer tarandus 4.63 2.18 [35]d
 Cetacea Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus 12.34 9.74 [35]d
Birds
 Accipitriformes Osprey Pandion haliaetus 6.59 6.48 [35]d
 Anseriformes Tundra swan Cygnus columbianus 27 32 0.101 0.079 [119]a,b
Tundra swan Cygnus columbianus 5.60 6.94 [35]d
Barnacle goose Branta leucopsis 7.00 7.80
 Ciconiiformes Black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla > 12 > 12 0.074 0.069 [119]a,b
Black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla 6.56 5.24 [35]d
 Passeriformes European pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca 7 7 0.235 0.241 [119]a,b
Great tit Parus major 7 7 0.233 0.242 [119]a,b
Arabian babbler Tursoides squamiceps 6 7 0.225 0.211 [119]a,b
Arabian babbler Turdoides squamiceps 2.95 4.30 [35]d
Florida scrub jay Aphelocoma caerulescens 4.82 4.52 [35]d
 Galliformes Black grouse Tetrao tetrix 3.81 2.53 [35]d
 Piciformes Acorn woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus 3.08 4.30 [35]d
Insects
 Lepidoptera Edith’s checkerspot Euphydryas editha 2.0208 2.7086 [120]c
Japanese luehdorfia Luehdorfia japonica 1.8337 1.8556 [120]c
Myrtil Maniola jurtina 0.2994 1.4000 [120]b,c
Japanese clouded Apollo Parnassius glacialis 3.2305 2.2751 [120]c
Mormon Fritillary Speyeria mormonia 1.6364 1.6837 [120]c
 Odonata Small red damselfly Ceriagrion tenellum 0.065 0.045 [121]b
Bluets Enallagma hageni 0.153 0.143 [121]b
Azure damselfly Coenagrion puella 0.088 0.111 [121]b

We limited our literature search to comparative studies including sex-specific lifespan or rate of aging estimates in natural populations of mammals, birds or insects. In bold, the sex with the longest lifespan or the steepest rate of aging

a Lifespan measured as maximum longevity

b Rate of aging measured as Gompertz rate of aging

c Rate of aging measured as Weibull rate of aging

d Lifespan measured as life expectancy at reaching adulthood

e Lifespan measured as the age when 50% of a cohort was still alive