Table 3.
Associations Between Cancer Screening Prevalence and TCM Use.
| Outcome: TCM use, RR (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall TCM | Herbal | Acupuncture | Massage therapy | Tai chi | Other | |
| Age | 1.01 [1.00, 1.01] | 1.00 [1.00, 1.01] | 0.99 [0.97, 1.01] | 1.04 [1.02, 1.06]** | 1.01 [0.99, 1.04] | 1.00 [0.98, 1.02] |
| Education | 1.01 [1.00, 1.02] | 0.98 [0.97, 0.99]** | 1.02 [0.99, 1.05] | 1.02 [0.99, 1.06] | 1.13 [1.09, 1.18]*** | 1.02 [0.99, 1.05] |
| Income | 0.99 [0.94, 1.03] | 0.98 [0.93, 1.04] | 0.87 [0.76, 1.01] | 1.00 [0.86, 1.16] | 0.92 [0.77, 1.10] | 1.01 [0.90, 1.14] |
| Marital status | 0.93 [0.84, 1.03] | 0.97 [0.85, 1.10] | 0.91 [0.68, 1.22] | 0.60 [0.43, 0.84]** | 0.99 [0.67, 1.48] | 1.03 [0.76, 1.40] |
| Household composition | 0.97 [0.95, 1.00]* | 1.00 [0.97, 1.03] | 0.94 [0.87, 1.01] | 0.99 [0.91, 1.08] | 0.88 [0.79, 0.98]* | 0.96 [0.89, 1.03] |
| Children | 0.99 [0.95, 1.02] | 1.01 [0.97, 1.05] | 0.97 [0.88, 1.07] | 0.92 [0.83, 1.03] | 1.00 [0.88, 1.13] | 0.97 [0.89, 1.05] |
| Years in United States | 0.99 [0.99, 1.00]*** | 0.99 [0.98, 0.99]*** | 0.99 [0.98, 1.01] | 0.99 [0.97, 1.01] | 0.99 [0.97, 1.01] | 1.00 [0.99, 1.02] |
| Years in neighborhood | 1.00 [1.00, 1.01] | 1.01 [1.00, 1.02]** | 1.02 [1.01, 1.04]** | 1.02 [1.00, 1.03] | 1.01 [0.99, 1.03] | 0.98 [0.97, 1.00]* |
| Breast cancer screening | 1.27 [1.16, 1.40]*** | 1.15 [1.03, 1.29]* | 1.62 [1.21, 2.15]** | 2.05 [1.46, 2.88]*** | 1.86 [1.28, 2.69]** | 1.23 [0.94, 1.61] |
| Age | 1.01 [1.00, 1.01]* | 1.01 [1.00, 1.01] | 0.99 [0.97, 1.01] | 1.04 [1.01, 1.06]** | 1.02 [0.99, 1.04] | 1.00 [0.98, 1.02] |
| Education | 1.01 [1.00, 1.02] | 0.98 [0.97, 0.99]*** | 1.02 [0.99, 1.05] | 1.02 [0.99, 1.06] | 1.14 [1.09, 1.18]*** | 1.01 [0.99, 1.04] |
| Income | 0.99 [0.94, 1.03] | 0.98 [0.92, 1.03] | 0.87 [0.76, 1.01] | 1.01 [0.87, 1.18] | 0.92 [0.77, 1.10] | 1.02 [0.90, 1.15] |
| Marital status | 0.93 [0.84, 1.04] | 0.97 [0.86, 1.10] | 0.94 [0.70, 1.25] | 0.64 [0.46, 0.89]** | 1.00 [0.67, 1.50] | 1.01 [0.75, 1.37] |
| Household composition | 0.97 [0.95, 0.99]* | 1.00 [0.97, 1.03] | 0.93 [0.86, 1.00] | 0.97 [0.89, 1.06] | 0.88 [0.79, 0.97]* | 0.95 [0.89, 1.02] |
| Children | 0.99 [0.96, 1.02] | 1.01 [0.97, 1.06] | 0.99 [0.90, 1.08] | 0.91 [0.82, 1.02] | 1.00 [0.88, 1.13] | 0.98 [0.90, 1.07] |
| Years in United States | 0.99 [0.99, 1.00]*** | 0.99 [0.98, 0.99]*** | 0.99 [0.98, 1.01] | 0.99 [0.97, 1.01] | 0.99 [0.97, 1.01] | 1.00 [0.99, 1.02] |
| Years in neighborhood | 1.00 [1.00, 1.01] | 1.01 [1.00, 1.02]** | 1.02 [1.00, 1.04]** | 1.02 [1.00, 1.03] | 1.01 [0.99, 1.03] | 0.98 [0.97, 1.00]* |
| Cervical cancer screening | 1.38 [1.26, 1.52]*** | 1.32 [1.17, 1.48]*** | 1.66 [1.27, 2.18]*** | 1.61 [1.17, 2.21]** | 1.69 [1.19, 2.40]** | 1.36 [1.04, 1.79]* |
Note. Adjusted for age, education, income, marital status, household composition, number of children, years in United States, and years in neighborhood. TCM = Traditional Chinese Medicine; RR = rate ratio; CI = confidence interval.
*
p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.