TABLE 1—
Characteristics of Study Patients by Smoking Status: OCHIN Network, United States, 2014 to 2016
| Characteristic | Current Smoker, No. (%) | Not a Current Smoker, No. (%) | Absolute Standardized Differencea |
| Total | 136 314 (29.8) | 321 030 (70.2) | |
| Gender | 0.22 | ||
| Male | 66 042 (48.4) | 120 167 (37.4) | |
| Female | 70 272 (51.6) | 200 863 (62.6) | |
| Age,b y | 0.32 | ||
| 18–24 | 14 985 (11.0) | 42 791 (13.3) | |
| 25–34 | 31 589 (23.2) | 68 113 (21.2) | |
| 35–44 | 27 472 (20.2) | 60 566 (18.9) | |
| 45–54 | 32 412 (23.8) | 55 591 (17.3) | |
| 55–64 | 23 283 (17.1) | 52 446 (16.3) | |
| ≥ 65 | 6 573 (4.8) | 41 523 (12.9) | |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.57 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 90 891 (66.7) | 157 673 (49.1) | |
| Hispanic | 13 238 (9.7) | 99 340 (30.9) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 24 493 (18.0) | 41 270 (12.9) | |
| Non-Hispanic other | 4 874 (3.6) | 15 285 (4.8) | |
| Unknown | 2 818 (2.1) | 7 462 (2.3) | |
| Federal poverty levelc | 0.21 | ||
| ≤ 138% | 99 318 (72.9) | 202 607 (63.1) | |
| > 138% | 20 658 (15.2) | 69 781 (21.7) | |
| Missing | 16 338 (12.0) | 48 642 (15.2) | |
| Location of primary clinic | 0.05 | ||
| Urban | 122 197 (89.6) | 282 526 (88.0) | |
| Rural | 13 006 (9.5) | 35 482 (11.1) | |
| Unknown | 1 111 (0.8) | 3 022 (0.9) | |
| Number of visits | 0.04 | ||
| 1 | 40 686 (29.8) | 99 406 (31.0) | |
| 2–5 | 61 605 (45.2) | 146 958 (45.8) | |
| ≥ 6 | 34 023 (25.0) | 74 666 (23.3) | |
| Insurance coverage atmajority of visits | 0.43 | ||
| Commercial | 15 713 (11.5) | 69 845 (21.8) | |
| Medicaid | 86 647 (63.6) | 140 708 (43.8) | |
| Medicare | 17 054 (12.5) | 47 247 (14.7) | |
| Self-pay (uninsured) | 16 139 (11.8) | 59 157 (18.4) | |
| Other | 761 (0.6) | 4 073 (1.3) | |
| Readiness to quit | 1.42 | ||
| Ready to quit assessed, not ready to quit | 35 054 (25.7) | 3 154 (1.0) | |
| Ready to quit not assessed | 64 208 (47.1) | 316 582 (98.6) | |
| Ready to quit assessed, ready to quit | 37 052 (27.2) | 1 294 (0.4) | |
| Smoking status assessed in study period | 0.19 | ||
| No | 0 (0.0) | 5 794 (1.8) | |
| Yes | 136 314 (100.0) | 315 236 (98.2) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 38 696 (28.4) | 91 874 (28.6) | 0.01 |
| Diabetes | 16 274 (11.9) | 49 252 (15.3) | 0.10 |
| Asthma or COPD | 27 123 (19.9) | 35 773 (11.1) | 0.24 |
| Coronary artery disease | 3 141 (2.3) | 7 358 (2.3) | 0.01 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 31 584 (23.2) | 84 604 (26.4) | 0.07 |
| Cancer | 7 624 (5.6) | 19 982 (6.2) | 0.03 |
| Psychiatric disorderd | 60 626 (44.5) | 87 293 (27.2) | 0.37 |
| Substance use disordere | 39 621 (29.1) | 20 568 (6.4) | 0.62 |
Note. COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Patients were included if they had at least 1 visit to a study clinic in 2014 through 2016 and were not pregnant at any point during the study period. P values comparing demographics between smokers and not current smokers using the χ2 test were all P < .001, except for hypertension (P = .113) and coronary artery disease (P = .800).
Absolute standardized difference greater than 0.1 indicates significant differences between the 2 groups.
Age as of January 1, 2014.
Federal poverty level is estimated according to the US Department of Health and Human Services.
Psychiatric disorders included anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia and other psychosis disorders, depressive disorders, and bipolar disorder.
Substance use disorder excluded tobacco use disorder.