Table 2. Multivariable logistic regression models predicting high-frequency emergency department utilization for asthma among pediatric patients for State-wide and Single-center Visits (n=94,258).
| State-wide Visits (index and non-index hospitals) |
Single-center Visits (index hospitals only) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Derivation set | Test set | Derivation set | Test set | |||||
| OR (95%CI) | p - value | OR (95%CI) | p-value | OR (95%CI) | p-value | OR (95%CI) | p-value | |
| Female | 1.18 (1.05-1.33) | 0.01 | 1.14 (1.02-1.28) | 0.02 | 1.11 (0.97-1.27) | 0.12 | 1.03 (0.90-1.18) | 0.63 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| White | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Black | 1.93 (1.62-2.29) | <0.001 | 1.62 (1.37-1.91) | <0.001 | 1.98 (1.62-2.43) | <0.001 | 1.52 (1.25-1.84) | <0.001 |
| Hispanic | 1.82 (1.52-2.19) | <0.001 | 1.61 (1.35-1.91) | <0.001 | 2.17 (1.76-2.68) | <0.001 | 1.65 (1.36-2.02) | <0.001 |
| Other | 1.17 (0.93-1.48) | 0.18 | 1.20 (0.97-1.49) | 0.10 | 1.39 (1.07-1.81) | 0.01 | 1.25 (0.98-1.59) | 0.07 |
| Any co-morbidity | 1.54 (1.10-2.15) | 0.01 | 1.26 (0.90-1.78) | 0.17 | 1.72 (1.20-2.48) | 0.003 | 1.45 (1.01-2.08) | 0.05 |
| Prior state-wide ED visits for any cause (≥ 4 ED visits) | 6.34 (5.58-7.20) | <0.001 | 6.91 (6.09-7.84) | <0.001 | 6.17 (5.35-7.12) | <0.001 | 6.71 (5.82-7.73) | <0.001 |
| Index visit months by quarter | ||||||||
| January – March | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| April – June | 0.66 (0.57-0.77) | <0.001 | 0.70 (0.60-0.80) | <0.001 | 0.66 (0.56-0.78) | <0.001 | 0.68 (0.58-0.80) | <0.001 |
| July – September | 0.62 (0.52-0.74) | <0.001 | 0.58 (0.49-0.70) | <0.001 | 0.62 (0.51-0.75) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.44-0.67) | <0.001 |
| October - December | 0.50 (0.42-0.60) | <0.001 | 0.49 (0.41-0.58) | <0.001 | 0.44 (0.36-0.55) | <0.001 | 0.45 (0.37-0.55) | <0.001 |
| Day of index visit | ||||||||
| Monday – Friday | Reference | Reference | ||||||
| Saturday - Sunday | 0.93 (0.81-1.06) | 0.28 | 0.84 (0.74-0.97) | 0.01 | - | - | ||
| Disposition of patient at index visit | ||||||||
| routine discharge from hospital | Reference | Reference | ||||||
| transfers to other facility/hospital/home healthcare | 0.59 (0.33-1.06) | 0.08 | 0.75 (0.45-1.27) | 0.29 | - | - | ||
| left against medical advice | 2.22 (1.29-3.85) | 0.004 | 0.76 (0.31-1.88) | 0.55 | - | - | ||
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; ED, emergency department