Table 2.
Associations between hepatitis co-infection and time to death
| Triple infection | HCV–HIV co-infection | HBV–HIV co-infection | HIV only | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause mortality (n=33 861) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Number of events | 131 | 501 | 186 | 1236 |
| Time on antiretroviral treatment (months) | 17 892 | 96 680 | 49 007 | 392 821 |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI), p value | 2·32 (1·94–2·77), <0·0001 | 1·62 (1·46–1·80), <0·0001 | 1·21 (1·03–1·41), 0·02 | ·· |
| HR adjusted by age and sex (95% CI), p value | 2·49 (2·07–2·99), <0·0001 | 1·72 (1·54–1·92), <0·0001 | 1·20 (1·03–1·40), 0·02 | ·· |
| HR adjusted by all factors but not transmission mode (95% CI), p value | 2·63 (2·16–3·20), <0·0001 | 2·03 (1·80–2·28), <0·0001 | 1·09 (0·92–1·29), 0·31 | ·· |
| HR adjusted by all factors and transmission mode (95% CI), p value | 1·90 (1·53–2·37), <0·0001 | 1·46 (1·25–1·70), <0·0001 | 1·06 (0·89–1·26), 0·51 | ·· |
| HR adjusted by all factors, stratified by transmission mode (95% CI), p value Injection drug use | 1·63 (1·23–2·17), 0·0008 | 1·21 (0·97–1·51), 0·09 | 0·97 (0·61–1·54), 0·91 | ·· |
| Sexual transmission | 1·99 (1·31–3·02), 0·001 | 1·84 (1·47–2·29), <0·0001 | 1·04 (0·86–1·26), 0·71 | ·· |
|
| ||||
| Non-injury mortality (n=33 695) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Number of events | 117 | 450 | 174 | 1147 |
| Time on antiretroviral treatment (months) | 17 736 | 96 170 | 48 906 | 392 107 |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI), p value | 2·25 (1·86–2·72), <0·0001 | 1·58 (1·41–1·76), <0·0001 | 1·22 (1·04–1·43), 0·02 | ·· |
| HR adjusted by age and sex (95% CI), p value | 2·43 (2·00–2·95), <0·0001 | 1·68 (1·50–1·89), <0·0001 | 1·21 (1·03–1·42), 0·02 | ·· |
| HR adjusted by all factors but not transmission mode (95% CI), p value | 2·57 (2·09–3·15), <0·0001 | 2·00 (1·77–2·26), <0·0001 | 1·09 (0·92–1·29), 0·34 | ·· |
| HR adjusted by all factors and transmission mode (95% CI), p value | 1·94 (1·54–2·44), <0·0001 | 1·47 (1·25–1·73), <0·0001 | 1·06 (0·89–1·27), 0·51 | ·· |
| HR adjusted by all factors, stratified by transmission mode (95% CI), p value Injection drug use | 1·68 (1·24–2·27), 0·001 | 1·25 (0·99–1·59), 0·06 | 0·96 (0·59–1·58), 0·88 | ·· |
| Sexual transmission | 2·04 (1·33–3·13), 0·001 | 1·79 (1·42–2·26), <0·0001 | 1·06 (0·87–1·29), 0·57 | ·· |
HBV=hepatitis B virus. HCV=hepatitis C virus. HR=hazard ratio.