. 2018 Mar 9;67(3):447–455. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy216

Table 2.

Baseline Characteristics of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) With Central Sleep Apnea vs PLHIV With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Characteristic	PLHIV and CSA (n = 15)	PLHIV and OSA (n = 33)	P Value
Female	8 (53%)	18 (55%)	.937
Age (years)^a	60 ± 9.0	62 ± 7.6	.537
Race
Hispanic	5 (33%)	12 (36%)	…
African American	7 (47%)	15 (46%)	.956
Others	3 (20%)	6 (18%)	…
Cardiovascular risk factors
Diabetes	4 (27%)	9 (27%)	.759
Hypertension	12 (80%)	20 (60%)	.322
Smoking	9 (60%)	19 (58%)	.874
Ischemic heart disease	7 (47%)	14 (43%)	0.783
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator	4 (26%)	9 (27%)	.759
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)^a	27 ± 6.8	39 ± 4.5	<.001
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (mm Hg)^a	57 ± 7.3	46 ± 8.3	<.001
Cocaine use	5 (33%)	12 (37%)	.838
Heart failure medications
Beta blocker	13 (86%)	29 (88%)	.994
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker	14 (93%)	28 (85%)	.649
Spironolactone	3 (20%)	5 (15%)	.692
Furosemide	13 (86%)	29 (88%)	0.944
Human immunodeficiency virus parameters
CD4 count cells/mm^{3 a}	117 ± 80	389 ± 250	<.001
Undetectable viral load (<50 copies/mL)	2 (13%)	17 (51%)	.023
ART	13 (87%)	29 (88%)	.994
Duration of ART (years)^b	8 (5–14)	9 (4–16)	.601
Sleep apnea parameters
Body mass index (kg/m²)^a	29 ± 5.0	34 ± 4.5	.001
Apnea–hypopnea index^b	36 (31–40)	15 (10–37)	<.001
CPAP treatment	11 (74%)	27 (81%)	.703
CPAP duration (hours/day)^b	5 (0–8)	6 (0–7)	.695

The bold values mean statistically significant difference.

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; CSA, central sleep apnea; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; PLHIV, people living with human immunodeficiency virus.

^aMean ± standard deviation.

^bMedian (interquartile range).