Fig. 3. Emergence of the correlation between secularization and development during the 20th century.

The top left panel shows scatter plots for secularization, S_t, against log GDP_t per capita (normalized to 1990 US$), for people born in 1910 and 1990, where each point is a country. The top right panel shows R² values for GDP_t versus S_t, for the decades of the 20th century, t. The bottom left panel shows the same scatter-country plot for S_t against V_t for people born in the 1910s and the 1990s. The bottom left panel shows the progression of this correlation through the decades of the 20th century.