Table 1. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics.
| Variables | Unadjusted | Balance table (IPTW-adjusted) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CABG-only (n=594) | CABG + MVS (n=116) | P value | CABG-only (n=594) | CABG + MVS (n=116) | SMD (%) | ||
| Age, years | 65.2±8.8 | 63.7±9.4 | 0.101 | 64.9±9.1 | 64.7±8.8 | 3.1 | |
| Female gender | 425 (71.5) | 79 (68.1) | 0.525 | 29.2 | 30.9 | 3.9 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.1±2.8 | 24.2±2.6 | 0.817 | 24.1±2.8 | 24.1±2.4 | 1.2 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 307 (51.7) | 65 (56.0) | 0.449 | 52.5 | 53.7 | 2.4 | |
| Hypertension | 423 (71.2) | 72 (62.1) | 0.064 | 69.8 | 69.3 | 1.1 | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 71 (12.0) | 5 (4.3) | 0.023 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 3.0 | |
| COPD | 18 (3.0) | 3 (2.6) | >0.99 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 2.9 | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 62 (10.4) | 11 (9.5) | 0.887 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 0.2 | |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.5±1.7 | 1.7±2.3 | 0.498 | 1.5±1.7 | 1.6±2.2 | 5.0 | |
| Severe CKD | 78 (13.1) | 13 (11.2) | 0.678 | 12.8 | 11.4 | 4.2 | |
| Dialysis | 46 (7.7) | 10 (8.6) | 0.895 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 0.4 | |
| Recent MI (<3 months) | 111 (18.7) | 21 (18.1) | 0.986 | 18.6 | 20.5 | 4.6 | |
| History of stroke | 123 (20.7) | 16 (13.8) | 0.112 | 19.4 | 16.1 | 8.6 | |
| Previous PCI | 111 (18.7) | 21 (18.1) | 0.986 | 18.6 | 19.4 | 2.0 | |
| NYHA class 3 or 4 | 67 (11.3) | 15 (12.9) | 0.726 | 11.6 | 12.6 | 3.0 | |
| CCS class 3 or 4 | 59 (9.9) | 13 (11.2) | 0.804 | 10.1 | 9.3 | 2.5 | |
| Multi-vessel disease | 582 (98.0) | 115 (99.1) | 0.637 | 97.8 | 99.5 | 14.6 | |
| 1-vessel disease | 12 (2.0) | 1 (0.9) | 2.2 | 0.5 | |||
| 2-vessel disease | 63 (10.6) | 18 (15.5) | 10.8 | 12.9 | |||
| 3-vessel disease | 519 (87.4) | 97 (83.6) | 87.0 | 86.6 | |||
| Left main involvement | 140 (23.6) | 30 (25.9) | 0.682 | 23.9 | 23.1 | 1.8 | |
| Echocardiographic data | |||||||
| LV ejection fraction, % | 43.3±13.3 | 39.2±12.5 | 0.002 | 42.6±13.4 | 41.9±12.9 | 5.5 | |
| LVESD, mm | 42.8±9.5 | 45.7±9.0 | 0.002 | 43.3±9.6 | 43.8±8.5 | 5.0 | |
| LVEDD, mm | 56.8±7.4 | 59.7±7.1 | <0.001 | 57.3±7.5 | 58.0±6.5 | 9.7 | |
| LA diameter, mm | 43.9±5.5 | 46.4±5.9 | <0.001 | 44.4±5.6 | 44.8±5.6 | 8.8 | |
| Peak TR pressure gradient, mmHg | 29.8±11.3 | 33.8±12.9 | 0.001 | 30.6±12.1 | 31.6±12.6 | 7.8 | |
| TR ≥ moderate | 20 (3.4) | 10 (8.6) | 0.020 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 0.2 | |
| Emergency | 7 (1.2) | 3 (2.6) | 0.456 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 2.2 | |
| Operative years | 0.618 | 3.5 | |||||
| 1990–2008 | 382 (64.3) | 78 (67.2) | 64.8 | 63.1 | |||
| 2009–2015 | 212 (35.7) | 38 (32.8) | 35.2 | 36.9 | |||
In the left column, values are n (%) or mean ± SD, unless otherwise indicated. In the right column (IPTW-adjusted), values are % or mean ± SD, unless otherwise indicated. CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; MI, myocardial infarction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; CCS, Canadian cardiovascular society; LV, left ventricle; LA, left atrium; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; SD, standard deviation.