Table 2. Postoperative events and complications after open thoracotomy or minimally invasive VATS lobectomy for lung cancer after inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Outcome	Total (%)	Open (%)	VATS (%)	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P value
No complication	84	83	86	1.20 (0.78–1.87)	0.41
Drain removal on day 1	65	21	54	0.23 (0.17–0.31)	<0.001
Reoperation	2.8	3.8	1.4	0.35 (0.14–0.93)	0.03
Transfusion	3.5	5.0	1.4	0.27 (0.10–0.71)	0.008
Pneumothorax and new chest tube	3.4	2.9	4.2	1.48 (0.69–3.18)	0.32
Arrhythmia	4.2	4.9	3.3	0.65 (0.25–1.70)	0.38
Stroke/TIA	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.45 (0.05–3.80)	0.47
Myocardial infarction	0.2	0.3	0	–	–
Wound infection	0.4	0.5	0.2	0.43 (0.05–3.52)	0.43
Pneumonia	3.4	5.5	0.6	0.11 (0.03–0.46)	0.002
Empyema	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.53 (0.06–4.58)	0.57
Lymph leak	0.2	0.3	0	–	–
Pulmonary embolism	0.1	0.2	0	–	–
Reintubation	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.44 (0.06–3.53)	0.44
Recurrence nerve paralysis	0.3	0.5	0	–	–
Phrenic nerve paralysis	0	0	0	–	–
Other complication	5.0	3.6	6.7	2.00 (1.04–3.82)	0.04
Death within 30 days	0.6	0.7	0.3	0.39 (0.05–3.10)	0.38
Death within 90 days	1.1	1.7	0.3	0.17 (0.02–1.27)	0.09

VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; TIA, transient ischemic attack.