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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 19.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Prod Rep. 2018 Jul 18;35(7):660–694. doi: 10.1039/c8np00006a

Fig. 10.

Fig. 10

PQQ biosynthetic pathway. (a) PQQ biosynthetic gene cluster. (b) Formation of PQQ from the conserved glutamate and tyrosine of the PqqA peptide. AHQQ is an isolated intermediate that is further modified by the cofactorless oxidase, PqqC, to yield PQQ.