Table 2.
Modified Poisson regression model for lack of ART adherence among N = 524 individuals contributing 1598 person-years
| Characteristics | Unadjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval) | Adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval) |
|---|---|---|
| BHLS score | 1.15 (0.87, 1.52) | 1.01 (0.73, 1.40) |
| 7 | 1.15 (0.96, 1.37) | 1.05 (0.86, 1.28) |
| 9 | 1.14 (1.00, 1.29) | 1.08 (0.96, 1.23) |
| 11 | Ref. | Ref. |
| 13.5 | ||
| Age (years) | 2.04 (1.29, 3.21) | 1.84 (1.15, 2.94) |
| 20 | 1.19 (0.91, 1.54) | 1.16 (0.88, 1.53) |
| 30 | Ref. | Ref. |
| 40 | 1.02 (0.83, 1.25) | 0.99 (0.80, 1.23) |
| 50 | 1.04 (0.62, 1.74) | 0.97 (0.57, 1.65) |
| 60 | ||
| Female sex (vs. male) | 1.26 (0.95, 1.67) | 0.89 (0.61, 1.29) |
| Race/ethnicity | Ref. | Ref. |
| White, non-Hispanic | 1.46 (1.12, 1.92) | 1.23 (0.93, 1.63) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 1.40 (0.79, 2.49) | 1.51 (0.85, 2.70) |
| Hispanic | 1.06 (0.54, 2.09) | 1.19 (0.61, 2.32) |
| Other/unknown | ||
| Education (years)a | 1.02 (0.70, 1.48) | 0.97 (0.64, 1.46) |
| 8 | Ref. | Ref. |
| 12 | 0.74 (0.57, 0.98) | 0.79 (0.60, 1.04) |
| 14 | 0.57 (0.42, 0.78) | 0.64 (0.46, 0.88) |
| 16 | 0.36 (0.17, 0.75) | 0.44 (0.21, 0.90) |
| 20 | ||
| HIV transmission risk factor | Ref. | Ref. |
| MSM | 1.55 (1.04, 2.30) | 1.16 (0.76, 1.75) |
| IDU | 1.33 (0.99, 1.77) | 1.01 (0.70, 1.47) |
| Hetero | 1.69 (1.01, 2.84) | 1.58 (0.91, 2.72) |
| Other/unknown | ||
| Socioeconomic status | Ref. | Ref. |
| Not low | 0.88 (0.50, 1.52) | 0.91 (0.54, 1.54) |
| Low | 1.65 (1.30, 2.09) | 1.47 (1.14, 1.90) |
| Very low | 1.75 (1.03, 2.99) | 1.79 (1.02, 3.13) |
| Unknown | ||
| Year of enrollment at VCCC | 1.14 (0.94, 1.38) | 1.10 (0.91, 1.34) |
| 2000 | Ref. | Ref. |
| 2003 | 0.98 (0.80, 1.19) | 0.98 (0.79, 1.21) |
| 2005 | 0.83 (0.59, 1.17) | 0.86 (0.60, 1.23) |
| 2010 | ||
| Baseline CD4+ lymphocyte count (per 100 cells/mm3)a | 1.01 (0.97, 1.06) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.06) |
| Baseline HIV-1 viral load (log10 copies/ mL)a | 0.98 (0.89, 1.09) | 0.98 (0.87, 1.10) |
Bold estimates are statistically significant (p < 0.05). BHLS score, age, education, and year of enrollment were continuous variables modeled using restricted cubic splines with four knots. As these numbers comprised < 5% of the total study sample, missing data were not imputed in the adjusted model, as they were not seen to be a source of significant bias
MSM men who have sex with men, IDU injection drug use, Hetero heterosexual contact
a
Some individuals were missing data: N = 16 individuals had missing education data, N = 1 individual had missing CD4+ lymphocyte count, and N = 1 individual had missing HIV-1 viral load