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. 2018 Jul 18;8:10840. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28904-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Analysis of the relative strength of ON and OFF stimulation when looking at (A) dark text on bright background or (B) bright text on dark background. The average luminance of both pictures was matched (top). On the bottom, the output of the software is shown. Green lines indicate the relative strength of ON stimulation, red lines of OFF stimulation, plotted over a range of spatial frequencies (from 22.4 to 2.24 cyc/deg when measured with a 16 mm camera lens). Note that dark text on bright background always overstimulates OFF pathways while bright text on dark overstimulates ON pathways.