Table 3.

Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of sociodemographic characteristics associated with any type of insomnia symptoms

	DIS			DMS			EMA
	p	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI
Male gender	0.04	0.78	0.61–0.99	0.04	0.79	0.64–0.99	0.20	0.85	0.67–1.09
Marital status
Single	–	1.0	–	–	1.0	–	–	1.0	–
Married	0.17	0.80	0.59–1.09	0.92	1.02	0.75–1.37	0.42	1.16	0.81–1.66
Divorced/widowed	0.35	1.27	0.76–2.13	0.15	1.44	0.87–2.38	0.24	1.39	0.80–2.42
Rural residence	< 0.001	0.72	0.58–0.89	< 0.001	0.69	0.57–0.85	< 0.001	0.72	0.58–0.90
Employment status
Employed	–	1.0	–	–	1.0	–	–	1.0	–
Unemployed	0.62	0.94	0.72–1.21	0.04	0.77	0.60–0.99	0.31	0.87	0.66–1.14
Retired	0.71	0.94	0.66–1.32	0.03	0.70	0.51–0.97	0.37	0.85	0.60–1.21
Living alone	0.61	1.09	0.79–1.51	0.42	1.14	0.83–1.56	0.24	1.24	0.87–1.77
Personal monthly income >/= 6000 (Yuan)	0.62	0.94	0.72–1.22	0.12	0.82	0.64–1.06	0.14	0.81	0.61–1.07
No health insurance	< 0.001	1.43	1.15–1.78	0.52	1.07	0.88–1.30	0.46	1.09	0.87–1.36
Family history of psychiatric disorders	0.09	1.39	0.96–2.01	0.12	1.33	0.92–1.91	0.15	1.33	0.90–1.97
Current drinking	0.07	1.24	0.98–1.58	0.83	1.03	0.81–1.29	0.55	0.92	0.71–1.20
Current smoking	0.13	1.26	0.93–1.71	0.64	1.07	0.80–1.44	0.99	1.0004	0.72–1.40
Age (years)	< 0.001	1.02	1.01–1.03	< 0.001	1.03	1.02–1.03	< 0.001	1.03	1.02–1.04
Education (years)	< 0.001	0.95	0.92–0.97	< 0.001	0.96	0.94–0.99	< 0.001	0.96	0.93–0.99
GAD-7 total	0.29	1.02	0.99–1.04	0.49	1.01	0.98–1.04	0.61	1.01	0.98–1.04
PHQ-9 total	< 0.001	1.19	1.15–1.22	< 0.001	1.19	1.16–1.23	< 0.001	1.18	1.15–1.22

Bolded values: p < 0.05; CI = confidence interval; DIS = difficulty initiating sleep; DMS = difficulty maintaining sleep; EMA = early morning awakening; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7; OR = odds ratio; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9