Table 1.
Overview of sample characteristics and outcome measures.
| Sample characteristics | Mean ± SD | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| N | 28,808 | |
| Age (years) | 62.87 ± 10.2 | 45–87a |
| Sex (N, % female) | 14,683 (51%) | |
| Education level | 4.01 ± 1.58 | 1–6 |
| BMI | 28.05 ± 5.43 | 12.9–69.65 |
| History of arthritis (N, %) | 9918 (34.43%) | |
| Depressive symptoms (CES-10) | 5.19 ± 4.62 | 0–30 |
| PASE score | 110.63 ± 45.11 | 0–267.64 |
| Social participation | 3.02 ± 0.60 | 0–4 |
| Mobility measures | ||
| Balance (s) | 39.51 ± 23.32 | 0–60 |
| Chair stands (s)b | 13.17 ± 3.35 | 2.12–24.66 |
| Walking time (s)b | 4.2 ± 0.82 | 1.56–7.41 |
| Cognitive measures | ||
| Choice reaction time (ms)b | 810.1 ± 159.7 | 445.8–1442.8 |
| REY Immediate recall | 5.86 ± 1.84 | 1–11 |
| REY Delayed recall | 4.03 ± 2.1 | 0–10 |
| Phonemic fluency | 13.1 ± 4.27 | 1–35 |
| Categorical fluency | 21.46 ± 6.32 | 3–40 |
| Mental alternation test | 27.25 ± 7.85 | 1–51 |
| Stroop score (interference) | 14 ± 8.43 | −83 to 122 |
a
Although CLSA targeted men and women aged between 45 and 85 at baseline, some participants were older than 85.
b
Lower values reflect better performance.