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. 2018 May 5;7(7):551–558. doi: 10.1002/sctm.17-0200

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Proposed mechanisms of MSC/ATRA‐dependent repair effects on damaged lung tissue in emphysema. ATRA resulted in the activation of p70S6k1 in exogenous MSCs and increased accumulation and survival time in the lung, promoting lung tissue repair/regeneration. Abbreviations: ATRA, all‐trans retinoic acid; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin.