Table 6.

The practical approaches and their effects on crystallographic texture and anisotropy of Al-Li alloys.

Practical method	Effect
Reduce the amount of Zr by adding another alloying element for grain refining instead of it [120]	•Reducing the influences of Al3Zr phase (which offered a strong rolling texture) in avoiding and pining recrystallization and grain boundaries respectively
	•Decreasing or replacing the amount of Zr with Cr and Mn will form (Cr + Mn) - phase that offers an apparently weak texture
Over-ageing before Material processing step [72]	•Material processing such as hot, warm or cold forming process causing homogeneous slipping all along processing. This lead to reduce the amount of brass texture and consecutively decrease the degree of anisotropy in Al-Li alloy sheets
	•Although Over-ageing can reduce anisotropy in tensile properties successfully for Al-Li alloy, it has a negative effect on fracture toughness (reduce fracture toughness), therefore this approach cannot be used to reduce anisotropy in tensile properties for the products required high toughness
Solution treatment subsequent with Stretching in direction orientation w.r.t rolling direction [120]	•This will lead to align the strengthening phases not only on rolling direction but also in other directions w.r.t rolling direction
The amount of deformation process [101], [120], [121]	•Decreasing the amount of deformation during hot forming lead to prevent the texture sharpness
Recrystallization in-between processing steps[101]	•Reducing the comprehensive texture intensity