Table 2.

OSATS mark scheme for task analysis derived from bench model assessments [10]

Score	1	2	3	4	5
Time in motion	Many unnecessary moves		Efficient time usage and some unnecessary moves	Consistently handled tissues appropriately with minimal damage
Instrument handling	Repeatedly makes tentative or unsure movements with the instruments		Competent usage but occasionally awkward use	Fluid and smooth movements
Surgical safety	Uses instruments unsafely more than two times and is hazardous to colleagues		Uses instruments with good care and aware of disposal of sharps	Exceptional attention to surgical safety and timely disposal of sharps
Respect for tissue	Unnecessary force utilised and damage to instruments caused		Careful handling of tissue but occasional inadvertent damage	Consistently exceptional handling of tissues with minimal damage
Demarcation and margins	Forgets to demarcate the lesion perimeter		Demarcates the lesion perimeter with uncertainty	Demarcates the lesion perimeter in its full
Flap marking and planning	Plans the flap inappropriately with no concept of geometry		Largely pertains to the geometry of rotational or advancement flaps	Exceptional local flap design with good understanding of applicable geometry
Administration of local anaesthetic	Forgets to administer local anaesthetic or unsafe administration		Local anaesthetic administered not wholly adequately	Adequate local anaesthetic administration with good technique
Excision and undermining	Non-smooth excisional movement and failure of undermining		Smooth excision and reasonable undermining eventually	Smooth excisional movement and adequate undermining
Coverage and suturing	Defect not fully covered and inadequate placement of sutures		Defect reasonably covered and adequate placement of sutures	Exceptional placement of sutures and coverage of defect
Global mark	Unacceptable		Average	Exceptional