Table 17.
Estimation Results for Main Outcomes, Comparison to Non-RA Preschools, Child Cohort
| Within Reggio
|
With Parma
|
With Padova
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None | BIC | Full | PSMR | KMR | DidPm | KMDidPm | KMPm | DidPv | KMDidPv | KMPv | |
| IQ Factor | −0.13 | −0.20 | −0.19 | −0.21 | −0.15 | −0.03 | −0.08 | −0.39 | −0.14 | −0.07 | −0.25 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.22) | (0.06)** | (0.00)** | (0.05)** | (0.20) | (0.83) | (0.62) | (0.00)*** | (0.43) | (0.66) | (0.03)*** |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.85) | (0.42) | (0.33) | (0.37) | (0.81) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.00)*** | (0.94) | (0.98) | (0.19) |
| SDQ Composite – Child | 1.59 | 1.47 | 2.14 | 1.39 | 1.13 | 0.62 | 0.79 | 0.24 | 1.91 | 1.52 | 0.71 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.00)*** | (0.01)*** | (0.00)*** | (0.01)*** | (0.06)** | (0.43) | (0.37) | (0.60) | (0.03)*** | (0.13)* | (0.16) |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.04)*** | (0.07)** | (0.00)*** | (0.15) | (0.45) | (0.99) | (0.94) | (0.96) | (0.22) | (0.74) | (0.58) |
| Not Obese | −0.04 | −0.07 | −0.08 | −0.08 | −0.06 | −0.01 | −0.02 | −0.16 | 0.02 | 0.05 | −0.06 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.47) | (0.16) | (0.14)* | (0.16) | (0.28) | (0.84) | (0.76) | (0.00)*** | (0.83) | (0.50) | (0.23) |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.98) | (0.63) | (0.59) | (0.71) | (0.84) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.01)*** | (0.96) | (0.98) | (0.65) |
| Not Overweight | −0.02 | −0.01 | −0.02 | 0.00 | −0.01 | −0.02 | −0.02 | 0.02 | −0.04 | −0.02 | −0.04 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.54) | (0.87) | (0.64) | (0.99) | (0.79) | (0.76) | (0.79) | (0.53) | (0.44) | (0.65) | (0.24) |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.98) | (0.63) | (0.92) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.96) | (0.94) | (0.98) | (0.65) |
| Health is Good | −0.02 | −0.00 | 0.01 | −0.02 | −0.03 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.04 | −0.01 | −0.06 | −0.09 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.78) | (0.99) | (0.87) | (0.70) | (0.64) | (0.43) | (0.95) | (0.39) | (0.93) | (0.51) | (0.06)** |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.98) | (0.99) | (0.92) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.94) | (0.96) | (0.96) | (0.98) | (0.35) |
| Not Excited to Learn | −0.01 | −0.00 | −0.01 | 0.00 | −0.00 | −0.00 | −0.01 | −0.02 | −0.04 | −0.03 | −0.02 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.60) | (0.84) | (0.69) | (0.92) | (0.99) | (0.95) | (0.75) | (0.28) | (0.31) | (0.45) | (0.41) |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.98) | (0.63) | (0.92) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.92) | (0.83) | (0.98) | (0.65) |
| Problems Sitting Still | −0.00 | 0.01 | −0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | −0.08 | −0.06 | −0.01 | −0.08 | −0.03 | −0.00 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.90) | (0.78) | (0.51) | (0.71) | (0.63) | (0.16) | (0-35) | (0.85) | (0.20) | (0.64) | (0.90) |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.98) | (0.63) | (0.92) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.77) | (0.94) | (0.96) | (0.76) | (0.98) | (0.92) |
| How Much Child Likes School | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.17 | −0.04 | 0.29 | 0.25 | 0.33 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.05)*** | (0.11)* | (0.04)*** | (0.19) | (0.15)* | (0.01)*** | (0.09)** | (0.45) | (0.01)*** | (0.05)** | (0.00)*** |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.29) | (0.59) | (0.25) | (0.71) | (0.76) | (0.11) | (0-53) | (0.96) | (0.08)** | (0.37) | (0.00)*** |
| Num. of Friends | −0.30 | −0.42 | −0.35 | −0.36 | −0.38 | −0.19 | −0.51 | −0.34 | −0.22 | −0.43 | −1.57 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.23) | (0.09)** | (0.18) | (0.15) | (0.15)* | (0.74) | (0.29) | (0.27) | (0.79) | (0.62) | (0.00)*** |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.85) | (0.52) | (0.64) | (0.71) | (0.76) | (0.99) | (0.93) | (0.92) | (0.96) | (0.98) | (0.00)*** |
| Candy Game: Willing to Share Candies | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.03 | −0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.02 | 0.04 | −-0.04 |
| Unadjusted P-Value | (0.70) | (0.90) | (0.39) | (0.44) | (0.89) | (0.77) | (0.93) | (0.63) | (0.65) | (0.61) | (0.14)* |
| Stepdown P-Value | (0.98) | (0.99) | (0.89) | (0.96) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.99) | (0.96) | (0.95) | (0.98) | (0.58) |
Note 1: This table shows the estimates of the coefficient for attending Reggio Approach preschools from multiple methods. We compare Reggio Approach individuals with those who attended other preschools. Column title indicates the corresponding control set and and model. None = OLS estimate with no control variables. BIC = OLS estimate with controls selected by Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and additional controls formale indicator, migrant indicator, and ITC attendance indicator. Full = OLS estimate with the full set of controls. PSMR = propensity score matching between Reggio Approach people and people in Reggio who attended other types of preschool. KMR = Epanechinikov kernel matching between Reggio Approach people and people in Reggio who attended other types of preschool. DidPm = difference-in-differences estimate of (Reggio Muni – Parma Muni) – (Reggio Other – Parma Other). KMDidPm = difference-in-differences kernel matching estimate of (Reggio Muni – Parma Muni) – (Reggio Other – Parma Other). KMPm = Epanechinikov kernel matching between Reggio Approach people and people who attended Parma preschools. DidPv = difference-in-differences estimate of (Reggio Muni – Padova Muni) – (Reggio Other – Padova Other). KMDidPv = difference-in-differences kernel matching estimate of (Reggio Muni – Padova Muni) – (Reggio Other – Padova Other). KMPv = Epanechinikov kernel matching between Reggio Approach people and people who attended Padova preschools.
Note 2: Both unadjusted p-value and stepdown p-value are reported. ***, **, and * indicate significance of the coefficients at the 15%, 10%, and 5% levels respectively.