Four-state SMS-LM estimated on the basis of pearl millet lateral root growth rate profiles. The three growth states correspond to the lateral root types A, B, and C and the end state to growth arrest. A, Growth phase duration distributions. B, Graph of transitions. The possible transitions between states are represented by arcs (the attached probabilities are always equal to 1). The arcs entering in states indicate initial states, and the attached initial probabilities are noted nearby. C, Linear trend models estimated for each state.