. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018 Feb;2(2):112–120. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(17)30181-5

Table 1.

Renal Angina Fulfillment, Demographics and Outcomes

Variable	RA− N=1304 (82.1)	RA+ N=286 (17.9)	P Value

Male	738 (56.6)	144 (50.3)	0.05

Age in months	89 (27,167)	94 (30–172)	0.36

BSA m²	0.88 (0.53, 1.42)	0.94 (0.54, 1.47)	0.22

Diagnosis Group^*
Shock	337 (26.1)	135 (52.2)	<0.001
CV	75 (4.3)	20 (7.7)	0.003
Respiratory	619 (35.1)	129 (36.3)	0.38
Trauma	263(27.9)	64 (20.7)	0.001
CNS	288 (21.2)	39 (15.8)	0.008
Pain Management/Sedation	44 (3.7)	9(3.1)	0.56

History of Transplantation	55 (4.2)	57 (19.9)	<0.001

Severity of Illness Score
PRISM-3	5 (3,8)	7 (3, 14)	0.02
PIM-2	3 (1,4)	3 (1, 6)	0.16
PELOD	11 (1, 12)	11 (1, 19)	0.011

Day 3 AKI Incidence
No AKI	916 (70.3)	121 (42.3)	<0.001
Stage 1	141 (10.8)	44 (15.4)	0.03
Stage 2	53 (4.1)	41 (14.3)	<0.001
Stage 3	194 (14.9)	80 (28.0)	<0.001
All-stage AKI (AKI_A)	388 (29.7)	165 (57.7)	<0.001
Severe AKI (AKI_S)	247 (18.9)	121 (42.3)	<0.001
Relative Risk (AKI_S)^{^}		2.23 (1.87–2.66)	<0.001

Ventricular Assist Device^*	4(0.1)	0 (0)	nc

ECMO^*	14 (1.1)	9(3.1)	0.007

Renal Replacement Therapy^*	22 (1.7)	36 (12.6)	<0.001

MV Duration	0 (0,5	4(0,9)	<0.001

ICU LOS	5 (3,8)	6 (3,10)	0.21

Mortality	49 (3.8)	32 (11.2)	<0.001

Categorical Variables expressed as n (% of cohort)

Continuous Variables expressed as medians with interquartile ranges

More than one diagnosis group is possible

^{^}

Z-statistic = 8.96

RA = renal angina (+ = positive, − = negative) BSA = body surface area, IQR = interquartile range, CV = cardiovascular, CNS = central nervous system, PRISM-3 = Pediatric Risk of Mortality 3, PIM-2 =Pediatric Index of Mortality 2, PELOD = Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction, KDIGO – Kidney Diseases Improving Global Outcomes, AKI = acute kidney injury, ICU = intensive care unit, ECMO = extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, MV = mechanical ventilation, LOS = length of stay