Table 1.

Descriptive Summary of OSPRO Validation Cohort

Variable		Label	Overall Sample (n = 440)	Missing 12-Month (n =161)	Completed 12-Month (n = 279)	p-value
Demographics	Age	Mean±SD	45.2±15.8	43.1±15.3	46.5±16.0	0.024
		Median (Min, Max)	45 [18, 75]	42 [18, 74]	47 [18, 75]
	Gender	Male	164 (37.3%)	69 (42.9%)	95 (34.1%)	0.145
		Female	275 (62.5%)	92 (57.1%)	183 (65.6%)
		Prefer not to answer	1 (0.2%)		1 (0.4%)
	Race	American Indian/Alaska Native	3 (0.7%)	1 (0.6%)	2 (0.7%)	0.121
		Asian	25 (5.7%)	8 (5.0%)	17 (6.1%)
		Black or African American	62 (14.1%)	32 (19.9%)	30 (10.8%)
		White	343 (78.0%)	117 (72.7%)	226 (81.0%)
		Don't know / Prefer not to answer	7 (1.6%)	3 (1.9%)	4 (1.4%)
	Ethnicity	Hispanic or Latino	31 (7.0%)	10 (6.2%)	21 (7.5%)	0.310
		Not Hispanic or Latino	376 (85.5%)	135 (83.9%)	241 (86.4%)
		Don't know / Prefer not to answer	33 (7.5%)	16 (9.9%)	17 (6.1%)
	Income	Less than $20,0000	59 (13.4%)	29 (18.0%)	30 (10.8%)	0.004
		$20,000 to $35,000	53 (12.0%)	14 (8.7%)	39 (14.0%)
		$35,001 to $50,000	50 (11.4%)	17 (10.6%)	33 (11.8%)
		$50,001 to $70,000	56 (12.7%)	24 (14.9%)	32 (11.5%)
		Greater than $70,000	156 (35.5%)	44 (27.3%)	112 (40.1%)
		Don't know / Prefer not to answer	66 (15.0%)	33 (20.5%)	33 (11.8%)
	Employment	Full-time employed	237 (53.9%)	88 (54.7%)	149 (53.4%)	0.007
		Part-time employed	62 (14.1%)	21 (13.0%)	41 (14.7%)
		Unemployed	61 (13.9%)	31 (19.3%)	30 (10.8%)
		Retired	58 (13.2%)	11 (6.8%)	47 (16.8%)
		Prefer not to answer	22 (5.0%)	10 (6.2%)	12 (4.3%)
	Education	Less than high school	11 (2.5%)	10 (6.2%)	1 (0.4%)	<0.0001
		Graduated from high school	38 (8.6%)	21 (13.0%)	17 (6.1%)
		Some college	112 (25.5%)	49 (30.4%)	63 (22.6%)
		Graduated from college	120 (27.3%)	41 (25.5%)	79 (28.3%)
		Some post-graduate course work	56 (12.7%)	15 (9.3%)	41 (14.7%)
		Completed post graduate degree	97 (22.0%)	23 (14.3%)	74 (26.5%)
		Prefer not to answer	6 (1.4%)	2 (1.2%)	4 (1.4%)
	Insurance	Private	273 (62.0%)	93 (57.8%)	180 (64.5%)	0.009
		Medicare	52 (11.8%)	13 (8.1%)	39 (14.0%)
		Medicaid	19 (4.3%)	9 (5.6%)	10 (3.6%)
		Worker's compensation	14 (3.2%)	8 (5.0%)	6 (2.2%)
		Disability	4 (0.9%)	3 (1.9%)	1 (0.4%)
		Uninsured	7 (1.6%)	5 (3.1%)	2 (0.7%)
		Other	45 (10.2%)	15 (9.3%)	30 (10.8%)
		Unknown / Prefer not to answer	26 (5.9%)	15 (9.3%)	11 (3.9%)
	Clinic Site	Portland, OR	20 (4.5%)	4 (2.5%)	16 (5.7%)	0.025
		Los Angeles, CA	61 (13.9%)	18 (11.2%)	43 (15.4%)
		Greenville, SC	86 (19.5%)	28 (17.4%)	58 (20.8%)
		Boulder, CO	17 (3.9%)	1 (0.6%)	16 (5.7%)
		Jacksonville, FL	50 (11.4%)	21 (13.0%)	29 (10.4%)
		Gainesville, FL	139 (31.6%)	59 (36.6%)	80 (28.7%)
		Philadelphia, PA	20 (4.5%)	7 (4.3%)	13 (4.7%)
		Chicago, IL	24 (5.5%)	13 (8.1%)	11 (3.9%)
		Terra Haute, IN	23 (5.2%)	10 (6.2%)	13 (4.7%)
Anatomical Region		Neck	98 (22.3%)	39 (24.2%)	59 (21.1%)	0.375
		Low back	118 (26.8%)	46 (28.6%)	72 (25.8%)
		Shoulder	107 (24.3%)	41 (25.5%)	66 (23.7%)
		Knee	117 (26.6%)	35 (21.7%)	82 (29.4%)
Pain Duration (# days)		Mean±SD	413.8±1757.6	506.5±1454.1	360.2±1911.4	0.955
		Median (Min, Max)	90 [0, 29565]	90 [0, 10000]	90 [1,29565]
Onset of Symptoms		Gradual	239 (54.3%)	74 (46.0%)	165 (59.1%)	0.028
		Sudden	138 (31.4%)	60 (37.3%)	78 (28.0%)
		Traumatic	63 (14.3%)	27 (16.8%)	36 (12.9%)
Previous Episodes (in past year)		Yes	224 (50.9%)	81 (50.3%)	143 (51.3%)	0.187
		No	185 (42.0%)	64 (39.8%)	121 (43.4%)
		Do not remember	31 (7.0%)	16 (9.9%)	15 (5.4%)
Surgery for Primary Complaint		Yes	83 (18.9%)	37 (23.0%)	46 (16.5%)	0.094
		No	357 (81.1%)	124 (77.0%)	233 (83.5%)
Unique Number of Comorbidities		Mean±SD	2.1±2.3	1.9±2.1	2.2±2.3	0.158
		Median (Min, Max)	1.5 [0, 13]	1 [0, 13]	2 [0, 11]
Distribution of Comorbidities		0	134 (30.6%)	55 (34.2%)	79 (28.5%)	0.437
		1	85 (19.4%)	31 (19.3%)	54 (19.5%)
		2 +	219 (50.0%)	75 (46.6%)	144 (52.0%)
OSPRO-ROS	10 item score (range: 0–10)	Mean±SD	2.7±2.4	2.8±2.5	2.6±2.3	0.515
		Median (Min, Max)	2 [0, 10]	2 [0, 10]	2 [0, 10]
	13 item score (range: 0–13)	Mean±SD	1.2±1.8	1.4±2.1	1.2±1.6	0.924
		Median (Min, Max)	1 [0, 12]	1 [0, 12]	1 [0, 9]
	23 item score (range: 0–23)	Mean±SD	3.9±3.8	4.2±4.3	3.8±3.5	0.631
		Median (Min, Max)	3 [0, 21]	3 [0, 21]	3 [0, 17]
OSPRO-YF	10 item score (range: 3–53)	Mean±SD	17.4±6.7	18.4±7.2	16.9±6.3	0.033
		Median (Min, Max)	17 [4, 47]	18 [4, 47]	16 [4, 40]
	7 item Score (range: 3–46)	Mean±SD	14.9±5.5	15.9±6.3	14.3±4.9	0.005
		Median (Min, Max)	15 [3, 34]	16 [3, 34]	15 [3, 28]
	17 item score (range: 6–89)	Mean±SD	32.4±11.2	34.3±12.5	31.2±10.3	0.009
		Median (Min, Max)	32 [8, 81]	33 [8, 81]	31 [9, 68]
Average Pain Intensity (range: 0–10)		Mean±SD	4.2±2.0	4.8±2.3	3.9±1.7	<.0001
		Median (Min, Max)	4 [0, 9.7]	4.7[0, 9.7]	3.7 [0, 8]
Quality of Life (range: 0–100)	Physical Summary Score	Mean±SD	42.7±8.5	41.9±9.1	43.2±8.1	0.138
		Median (Min, Max)	43.7 [22.4, 59]	42.1 [22.4, 58.6]	44.4 [24.9, 59]
	Mental Summary Score	Mean±SD	50.9±9.1	49.9±9.3	51.5±9.0	0.070
		Median (Min, Max)	53 [22.6, 68.8]	51.8 [26, 65.7]	53.7 [22.6, 68.8]
Neck Disability Index (range: 0–100)		Mean±SD	28.6±16.1	31.8±15.6	26.5±16.3	0.045
		Median (Min, Max)	24 [2, 76]	30 [2, 62]	22 [2, 76]
Revised Oswestry Questionnaire (range:0–100)		Mean±SD	28.7±18.2	30.7±18.8	27.4±17.9	0.279
		Median (Min, Max)	26 [0, 86]	31 [0, 86]	24 [2, 82]
QuickDASH (range: 0–100)		Mean±SD	38.8±20.1	43.6±22.5	35.8±17.9	0.071
		Median (Min, Max)	34.1 [2.3, 97.7]	43.2 [2.3, 97.7]	31.8 [6.8, 77.3]
IKDC Total Score (range: 0–100)		Mean±SD	39.6±15.7	39.6±17.6	39.6±14.9	0.908
		Median (Min, Max)	39.2 [7.2, 77.3]	38.1 [15.5, 73.2]	39.2 [7.2, 77.3]
Region Specific Disability (units in z score)		Mean±SD	0.4±0.9	0.6±1.0	0.4±0.9	0.032
		Median (Min, Max)	0.3 [−1.6, 3.6]	0.5 [−1.3, 3.6]	0.2 [−1.6, 3.4]

Table Key:

• Italic font indicates variable differs based on follow up status
• OSPRO-YF = Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Yellow Flag Tool; OSPRO-ROS = Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Review of Systems Tool; DASH = Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand; IKDC = International Knee Documentation Committee