Table 4. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions with off-label use as dependent variable.

		Bivariate Regression			Multivariate Regression
Explanatory Variable		OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
Patient Characteristics
Sex		1.02	-0.98–1.06	0.28	0.2	0.1–0.4	0.27
Race
	White
	Black	1.01	0.94–1.08	0.86		1.02	0.94–1.12	0.24
	Other	0.94	0.87–1.02	0.12	0.93	0.86–1.01	0.68
Age
	21–40 yoa*
	41–65 yoa	1.01	0.97–1.05	0.51	1.01	0.96–1.07	0.41
	>65 yoa	1.00	0.95–1.06	0.86	1.00	0.91–1.10	0.79
Insurance Type
	Private*
	Medicare	0.89	0.76–0.95	0.03†	0.93	0.84–0.97	0.04†
	Medicaid/CHIP	0.96	0.91–1.02	0.24	0.98	0.91–1.05	0.89
	Self-pay	1.02	0.98–1.07	0.35	1.04	0.98–1.10	0.69
	Charity	0.87	0.71–0.93	0.02†	0.91	0.88–0.96	0.03†
	Other	0.96	0.85–0.99	0.04†	0.96	0.88–1.04	0.33
	Unknown	0.97	0.88–1.08	0.60	1.05	0.95–1.15	0.53
Chronic Conditions
	1*
	2	1.04	0.95–1.06	0.21	1.01	0.93–1.10	0.13
	3 or more	1.13	1.05–1.19	0.001†	1.12	1.02–1.14	0.003†
Smoker		1.04	0.98–1.11	0.18	1.05	0.98–1.12	0.18
Clinician Characteristics
Clinic in MSA		0.98	0.91–1.07	0.71	1.03	0.96–1.11	0.96
Type of Clinic
	Psychiatrist	1.07	1.02–1.15	0.03†	1.06	1.01–1.12	0.03†
	Other*
Region of Clinic
	Northeast*
	Midwest	1.01	0.95–1.07	0.79	1.02	0.96–1.08	0.85
	South	1.04	0.98–1.10	0.18	1.06	0.98–1.13	0.26
	West	1.09	1.02–1.13	0.01†	1.09	1.01–1.17	0.02†

* Reference Variable (values for Bivariate is 0 and for Multivariate is 1)

^† p<0.05; significant variables are also in bold