Table 5. Multivariate analysis of factors associated with past year sexual or Physical IPV experience.
| Unadjusted OR | 95%CI¥ | Adjusted OR | 95%CI | p-value§ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Background Characteristics | |||||
| Respondent Age | 0.98 | 0.96–1.00 | 0.96 | 0.94–0.98 | 0.001 |
| Highest Educational level | |||||
| None | — | ||||
| Primary | 1.10 | 0.72–1.68 | 0.85 | 0.54–1.34 | 0.470 |
| Junior High school | 0.99 | 0.67–1.47 | 0.91 | 0.57–1.46 | 0.701 |
| Senior High school or higher | 0.56 | 0.40–0.78** | 0.51 | 0.30–0.86 | 0.014 |
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | — | ||||
| Divorced/separated/no relationship | 1.23 | 0.82–1.86 | 0.67 | 0.41–1.08 | 0.099 |
| Not married but in relationship | 1.07 | 0.74–1.55 | 0.94 | 0.64–1.38 | 0.742 |
| Household food security | |||||
| Food Secure + Mildly insecure | — | ||||
| Moderately insecure | 0.86 | 0.62–1.18 | 0.68 | 0.46–0.98 | 0.041 |
| Severely insecure | 1.34 | 1.04–1.72* | 0.83 | 0.59–1.17 | 0.277 |
| Worked/earned in past 12mths | 1.33 | 0.94–1.88 | 1.45 | 1.04–2.04 | 0.030 |
| Gender attitudes and norms | |||||
| Gender attitudes (high = equitable) | 0.96 | 0.92–1.01 | 0.99 | 0.95–1.04 | 0.817 |
| Individual norms (high = equitable) | 1.02 | 0.97–1.06 | 1.04 | 0.98–1.11 | 0.178 |
| Community norms (high = equitable) | 0.99 | 0.95–1.03 | 1.00 | 0.96–1.04 | 0.904 |
| Mental Health, disability & alcohol use | |||||
| Alcohol use in past year | 2.13 | 1.25–3.61** | 1.36 | 0.76–2.43 | 0.285 |
| Depression score (high = depressed) | 1.08 | 1.06–1.10*** | 1.06 | 1.04–1.08 | <0.001 |
| Disability | 2.91 | 2.03–4.15*** | 2.30 | 1.57–3.35 | <0.001 |
| Life satisfaction | 0.98 | 0.95–1.00 | 0.99 | 0.96–1.02 | 0.502 |
| Childhood trauma | |||||
| Witnessed abuse of mother | 2.32 | 1.81–2.99*** | 1.98 | 1.44–2.72 | <0.001 |
| Experienced childhood physical abuse | 1.49 | 1.14–1.94** | 1.28 | 0.93–1.76 | 0.121 |
| Experienced childhood sexual abuse | 1.91 | 1.50–2.42*** | 1.46 | 1.07–1.99 | 0.019 |
| Experienced childhood emotional abuse | 1.07 | 0.83–1.38 | 0.95 | 0.74–1.22 | 0.680 |
| Was neglected in childhood | 1.64 | 1.26–2.14** | 1.19 | 0.85–1.68 | 0.296 |
| Sexual behavior | |||||
| Multiple sexual partners in past year | 3.60 | 2.16–6.01*** | 2.60 | 1.49–4.53 | 0.001 |
| Transactional sex in past year | 2.74 | 1.92–3.92*** | 1.73 | 1.15–2.62 | 0.011 |
| Partner Characteristics | |||||
| Controlling behaviour (high = controlling) | 1.04 | 1.02–1.07** | 1.03 | 1.00–1.06 | 0.033 |
| Alcohol use in past year | 2.78 | 2.13–3.63*** | 2.65 | 2.12–3.31 | <0.001 |
| Not confident in partner fidelity | 2.87 | 2.25–3.66*** | 2.31 | 1.72–3.09 | <0.001 |
§ P-values shown are for multiple regression analyses.
¥ Bivariate associations [OR] significant at
* = p<0.05,
**p<0.01,
***p<0.001.