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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 3.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2018 Jul 3;138(1):64–66. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034454

Figure. Proposed mechanisms whereby a novel adipokine, FAM19A5, regulates neointima formation.

Figure

FAM19A5 secreted from healthy adipocytes binds to the S1PR2 receptor in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which triggers downstream G12/G13 and RhoA signaling pathway to inhibit VSMC proliferation and migration, thereby protecting against neointima formation. In obesity, impaired FAM19A5 release from dysfunctional adipocytes fails to restrain VSMC growth, thus leading to enhanced neointima formation.