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. 2018 Jul 19;8:10954. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29262-4

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of AhR modulators on human CD4 T cell differentiation. Naïve human CD4 T cells were cultured with Th17-inducing cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, TGF-β) in the presence or absence of FICZ or CH223191 for 1–8 days. (A) Gene expression in cultures at daily intervals, normalized to the housekeeping gene HPRT. Data are combined from 3 experiments (n = 3) and shown as mean+/− SEM. (B) Cytokine levels in culture supernatants on days 6–8 measured by ELISA. Data are combined from 8 experiments (n = 7–8). LOD = limit of detection.