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. 2018 Jul 19;8:10922. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29296-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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VSG length-dependent growth allows infections to persist for longer. (a) The distribution of times before the parasite population died out (extinction) from 500 rounds of simulation with randomly selected biologically possible parameters. Wilcoxon tests were conducted to obtain the p-values. (b) The distribution of time before die-out of 500 rounds of simulation of VSG length-dependent growth rate (green) vs. the null model (orange). (c) An example of the time taken by the adaptive immune system to detect each VSG in the population in a simulation. Length-dependent growth gives a wider distribution of immune detection times compared with other models.