Fig. 4.
There was disease-specific correlation between microbiota and intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) production of cytokines. Correlation between the operational taxonomic unit (out) relative abundance and the IEL-produced cytokine value in each case/control group was tested using Spearman’s rank test. The data are shown as heatmaps, with the color of each correlation test corresponding to the Spearman rho value: *p < 0.05, †p < 0.01, and ‡p < 0.001. HC, healthy controls; CD, Crohn’s disease; UC, ulcerative colitis; axSpA, axial spondyloarthritis