Fig. 1.

ITF2357 suppresses the expression of IL-1β-responsive genes. a Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) (n = 3) were either left untreated or were treated with ITF2357 prior to incubation with IL-1β for the indicated time. Temporal changes in mRNA accumulation of IL-1β-inducible genes were monitored using a customized qPCR array system. Data are presented as fold changes in mRNA levels compared to unstimulated cells in the presence or absence of ITF2357 Differences in fold changes between IL-1β and IL-1β + ITF2357 conditions, for each time point, were analyzed by ratio t test: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. b RA FLS were either left untreated or were treated with ITF2357 prior to incubation with IL-1β for 24 h. FLS supernatant was harvested and levels of IL-8, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, CXCL-10 (n = 6) CXCL-5 and CXCL-6 (n = 5) were measured by Luminex. Protein concentrations were normalized to 100% in each experiment for samples not treated with histone deacetylase inhibitor and expressed as the percentage of control:*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, ratio t test