Table I.
Genetic manipulation of adherens junction proteins in the adult myocardium
| Mouse model | Stress | Cardiac Phenotype | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| N-cadherin LOF | None | Cardiomyopathy, GJ remodeling, arrhythmia, SCD | (Cheng et al., 2011, Franceschini et al., 2013, Kostetskii et al., 2005, Li et al., 2005) |
| N-cadherin HET | PS | Normal cardiac function, GJ remodeling, inducible arrhythmia | (Li et al., 2008) |
| β-catenin LOF | None | Normal cardiac function, increase PG | (Zhou et al., 2007) |
| β-catenin LOF | TAC | Block hypertrophy, decrease Wnt genes | (Chen et al., 2006) |
| β-catenin LOF | AngII | No change in hypertrophy response | (Baurand et al., 2007) |
| β-catenin LOF | MI | Improve LV function, increase cpc | (Zelarayan et al., 2008) |
| β-catenin HET | TAC | Block hypertrophy, increase fetal genes | (Qu et al., 2007) |
| β-cateninΔex3 GOF | None | Cardiomyopathy, no change Wnt genes | (Hirschy et al., 2010) |
| β-cateninΔex3 GOF | MI | No improvement in LV function, decrease cpc differentiation | (Zelarayan et al., 2008) |
| β-cateninΔex3 GOF | AngII | Block hypertrophy, decrease cardiac function | (Baurand et al., 2007) |
| PG LOF | None | AC-like pathology except adipocytes | (Li et al., 2011a, Li et al., 2011b) |
| PG Hypomorph | None | Normal cardiac function, increase β-catenin | (Swope et al., 2012) |
| PG GOF | None | AC-like pathology including adipocytes | (Lombardi et al., 2011) |
| PGNaxos GOF | None | AC-like pathology including adipocytes | (Lombardi et al., 2011) |
| αE-catenin LOF | None | Cardiomyopathy late onset | (Sheikh et al., 2006) |
| αE-catenin LOF | MI | Ventricular wall rupture | (Sheikh et al., 2006) |
| αT-catenin LOF | None | Cardiomyopathy early onset, GJ remodeling | (Li et al., 2012) |
| αT-catenin LOF | I/R | Arrhythmia | (Li et al., 2012) |
LOF, loss-of-function; GOF, gain-of-function; HET, heterozygous; SCD, sudden cardiac death; PS; program stimulation; GJ, gap junction; TAC, transverse aortic constriction; AngII, angiotensinII; MI, myocardial infarction; cpc, cardiac progenitor cells; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion.