Table 1.
Study population characteristics at ART initiation by baseline BMI category, INI/FIOCRUZ, 2000–15
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), n = 251 (14.0%) | Normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), n = 1012 (56.4%) | Overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), n = 390 (21.7%) | Obese (≥30 kg/m2), n = 141 (7.9%) | Total, n = 1794 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) at ART initiation | ||||||
| median (IQR) | 34.0 (27.9–43.2) | 35.7 (29.0–43.7) | 37.4 (31.5–44.8) | 39.8 (33.2–44.7) | 36.3 (29.5–44.1) | <0.0001 |
| <30 | 86 (34.3%) | 290 (28.7%) | 79 (20.3%) | 22 (15.6%) | 477 (26.6%) | <0.0001 |
| 30–39 | 84 (33.5%) | 361 (35.7%) | 143 (36.7%) | 50 (35.5%) | 638 (35.6%) | |
| 40–49 | 55 (21.9%) | 251 (24.8%) | 114 (29.2%) | 55 (39.0%) | 475 (26.5%) | |
| ≥50 | 26 (10.4%) | 110 (10.9%) | 54 (13.8%) | 14 (9.9%) | 204 (11.4%) | |
| Sex | 0.0009 | |||||
| male | 149 (59.4%) | 648 (64.0%) | 243 (62.3%) | 60 (42.6%) | 1100 (61.3%) | |
| female | 81 (32.3%) | 241 (23.8%) | 102 (26.2%) | 67 (47.5%) | 491 (27.4%) | |
| TW | 21 (8.4%) | 123 (12.2%) | 45 (11.5%) | 14 (9.9%) | 203 (11.3%) | |
| Race/skin colour | 0.0002 | |||||
| white | 90 (35.9%) | 489 (48.3%) | 224 (57.4%) | 63 (44.7%) | 866 (48.3%) | |
| black | 69 (27.5%) | 194 (19.2%) | 56 (14.4%) | 33 (23.4%) | 352 (19.6%) | |
| mixed/other | 92 (36.7%) | 329 (32.5%) | 110 (28.2%) | 45 (31.9%) | 576 (32.1%) | |
| Education level | <0.0001 | |||||
| 0–8 years | 177 (70.5%) | 505 (49.9%) | 148 (37.9%) | 73 (51.8%) | 903 (50.3%) | |
| >8 years | 74 (29.5%) | 507 (50.1%) | 242 (62.1%) | 68 (48.2%) | 891 (49.7%) | |
| Year of ART initiation | <0.0001 | |||||
| 2000–03 | 34 (13.5%) | 128 (12.6%) | 33 (8.5%) | 10 (7.1%) | 205 (11.4%) | |
| 2004–07 | 33 (13.1%) | 217 (21.4%) | 69 (17.7%) | 21 (14.9%) | 340 (19.0%) | |
| 2008–11 | 114 (45.4%) | 400 (39.5%) | 157 (40.3%) | 46 (32.6%) | 717 (40.0%) | |
| 2012–15 | 70 (27.9%) | 267 (26.4%) | 131 (33.6%) | 64 (45.4%) | 532 (29.7%) | |
| CD4+ T lymphocyte count (cells/mm³) | ||||||
| median (IQR) | 88 (29–207) | 212 (71–334) | 292 (185–400) | 323 (224–439) | 226 (79–350) | <0.0001 |
| <100 | 117 (46.6%) | 291 (28.8%) | 57 (14.6%) | 13 (9.2%) | 478 (26.6%) | <0.0001 |
| 100–249 | 62 (24.7%) | 261 (25.8%) | 93 (23.8%) | 29 (20.6%) | 445 (24.8%) | |
| 250–500 | 31 (12.4%) | 316 (31.2%) | 160 (41.0%) | 69 (48.9%) | 576 (32.1%) | |
| >500 | 9 (3.6%) | 77 (7.6%) | 61 (15.6%) | 23 (16.3%) | 170 (9.5%) | |
| missing | 32 (12.7%) | 67 (6.6%) | 19 (4.9%) | 7 (5.0%) | 125 (7.0%) | |
| Viral load (copies/mL) | ||||||
| median log10 (IQR) | 5.2 (4.5–5.7) | 4.8 (4.1–5.4) | 4.4 (3.8–5.2) | 4.4 (3.7–5.0) | 4.8 (4.0–5.4) | <0.0001 |
| <100 000 | 88 (35.1%) | 505 (49.9%) | 247 (63.3%) | 94 (66.7%) | 934 (52.1%) | <0.0001 |
| ≥100 000 | 117 (46.6%) | 372 (36.8%) | 105 (26.9%) | 37 (26.2%) | 631 (35.2%) | |
| missing | 46 (18.3%) | 135 (13.3%) | 38 (9.7%) | 10 (7.1%) | 229 (12.8%) | |
| Years from HIV diagnosis to ART start, median (IQR) | 0.3 (0.1–1.0) | 0.5 (0.2–2.2) | 1.7 (0.4–4.2) | 1.7 (0.6–5.0) | 0.6 (0.2–2.7) | <0.0001 |
| History of hypertension | 17 (6.8%) | 94 (9.3%) | 74 (19%) | 46 (32.6%) | 231 (12.9%) | <0.0001 |
| History of diabetes | 14 (5.6%) | 38 (3.8%) | 20 (5.1%) | 16 (11.3%) | 88 (4.9%) | 0.0013 |
| History of dyslipidaemia | 53 (21.1%) | 247 (24.4%) | 126 (32.3%) | 58 (41.1%) | 484 (27.0%) | <0.0001 |
| History of an AIDS-defining illness | 180 (71.7%) | 425 (42.0%) | 72 (18.5%) | 19 (13.5%) | 696 (38.8%) | <0.0001 |
| Ever smoker | 137 (54.6%) | 524 (51.8%) | 189 (48.5%) | 65 (46.1%) | 915 (51.0%) | 0.2733 |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise stated.