Table 2.
Mortality hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) by tertiles of Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet scores
| Model | Mediterranean Diet Score | DASH Diet Score | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–3 | 4–5 | ≥6 | P Value | 8–19 | 20–22 | ≥23 | P Value | |
| Cardiovascular mortality | ||||||||
| Univariable random effect | Reference | 1.16 (0.99 to 1.35) | 1.08 (0.87 to 1.33) | 0.18 | Reference | 1.08 (0.91 to 1.29) | 1.30 (1.09 to 1.55) | 0.01 |
| Multivariable random effecta | Reference | 1.20 (1.01 to 1.41) | 1.14 (0.90 to 1.43) | 0.11 | Reference | 1.01 (0.85 to 1.21) | 1.19 (0.99 to 1.43) | 0.12 |
| Multivariable competing riska | Reference | 1.17 (0.99 to 1.39) | 1.15 (0.91 to 1.45) | 0.18 | Reference | 1.01 (0.84 to 1.21) | 1.20 (0.99 to 1.45) | 0.11 |
| Multivariable patient completea | Reference | 1.06 (0.82 to 1.39) | 1.03 (0.73 to 1.45) | 0.89 | Reference | 0.84 (0.63 to 1.11) | 0.91 (0.69 to 1.21) | 0.46 |
| Sensitivity analysisa | Reference | 1.19 (0.96 to 1.47) | 1.03 (0.76 to 1.40) | 0.23 | Reference | 1.06 (0.85 to 1.33) | 1.05 (0.83 to 1.34) | 0.85 |
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||
| Univariable random effect | Reference | 1.12 (1.01 to 1.23) | 1.02 (0.89 to 1.16) | 0.05 | Reference | 1.10 (0.99 to 1.22) | 1.13 (1.01 to 1.26) | 0.07 |
| Multivariable random effectb | Reference | 1.10 (0.99 to 1.22) | 1.01 (0.88 to 1.17) | 0.13 | Reference | 1.03 (0.92 to 1.15) | 1.00 (0.89 to 1.12) | 0.85 |
| Multivariable competing riskb | Reference | 1.10 (0.99 to 1.22) | 1.02 (0.88 to 1.18) | 0.16 | Reference | 1.03 (0.92 to 1.15) | 1.00 (0.89 to 1.13) | 0.85 |
| Multivariable patient completeb | Reference | 1.07 (0.91 to 1.26) | 0.96 (0.77 to 1.18) | 0.39 | Reference | 1.10 (0.93 to 1.29) | 0.93 (0.78 to 1.11) | 0.16 |
| Sensitivity analysisb | Reference | 1.06 (0.93 to 1.21) | 0.98 (0.82 to 1.18) | 0.50 | Reference | 0.98 (0.86 to 1.13) | 0.90 (0.78 to 1.05) | 0.35 |
DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.
Adjusted for country (fixed effect in competing risk analysis and random effect in all others), sex, daily physical activity, education (secondary versus none/primary), diabetes, smoking (current or former versus never), myocardial infarction, vascular access type (fistula versus graft/catheter), body mass index (categories according to the World Health Organization), albumin (tertiles), Charlson comorbidity score (quartiles), age, phosphorus, calcium, hemoglobin, Kt/V, and energy intake (1000-kcal/d increase).
All above adjustments plus adjusted for having a life partner, time on dialysis, and being waitlisted for transplantation. Sensitivity analyses excluded the first 12 months of follow-up (786 all-cause deaths of 2087 and 334 cardiovascular deaths of 829 were excluded).