Table 2. Participant characteristics in the medical check-up study.
| Total | DM | Non-DM | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 88,305 | 8,316 | 79,989 | |
| Sex (male/female) | 41,518/46,787 | 5,116/3,200 | 36,402/43,587 | |
| Age (years) | 62.7 ± 13.3 | 67.0 ± 11.4 | 62.3 ± 13.4 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 ± 3.3 | 24.2 ± 3.8 | 22.6 ± 3.2 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 82.1 ± 9.5 | 87.3 ± 10.1 | 81.6 ± 9.3 | <0.001 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.3 ± 1.4 | 7.7 ± 2.3 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.5 ± 1.2 | 6.9 ± 2.0 | 5.4 ± 1.0 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 37 ± 13 | 52 ± 22 | 36 ± 10 | <0.001 |
Data are means ± standard deviation. BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; DM, study participants with diabetes mellitus; Non-DM, non-diabetic study participants. P-values were determined using unpaired t-tests, DM vs. non-DM.