Table 5.
Ratio of geometric mean ratios (95% CI) of baseline and follow-up insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B, associated with doubling of sphingomyelin species at different BMIs
| BMI (kg/m2) |
P for interaction | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | ||
| Baseline insulin | |||||||
| SM-18 |
0.80 (0.69–0.91) |
0.88 (0.81–0.96) |
0.96 (0.89–1.03) |
1.03 (0.95–1.12) |
1.10 (0.98–1.23) |
1.16 (1.00–1.34) |
0.0027 |
| SM-20 |
0.80 (0.70–0.91) |
0.89 (0.82–0.96) |
0.97 (0.90–1.04) |
1.04 (0.95–1.13) |
1.11 (0.99–1.24) |
1.17 (1.02–1.35) |
0.0011 |
| SM-22 |
0.82 (0.72–0.93) |
0.92 (0.85–1.00) |
1.01 (0.94–1.08) |
1.09 (1.00–1.19) |
1.17 (1.05–1.31) |
1.25 (1.08–1.44) |
0.0005 |
| SM-24 |
0.76 (0.67–0.86) |
0.87 (0.80–0.94) |
0.96 (0.90–1.03) |
1.06 (0.98–1.14) |
1.14 (1.03–1.27) |
1.22 (1.07–1.39) |
2.7 × 10−5 |
| Follow-up insulin | |||||||
| SM-18 |
0.85 (0.69–1.05) |
0.96 (0.84–1.09) |
1.05 (0.94–1.17) |
1.14 (0.99–1.31) |
1.23 (1.02–1.47) |
1.30 (1.03–1.64) |
0.028 |
| SM-20 |
0.79 (0.65–0.96) |
0.92 (0.81–1.04) |
1.05 (0.94–1.17) |
1.17 (1.02–1.35) |
1.29 (1.07–1.55) |
1.41 (1.12–1.77) |
0.0020 |
| SM-22 |
0.80 (0.65–0.98) |
0.94 (0.83–1.07) |
1.08 (0.97–1.20) |
1.21 (1.05–1.39) |
1.34 (1.11–1.61) |
1.46 (1.15–1.84) |
0.0019 |
| SM-24 |
0.76 (0.63–0.93) |
0.90 (0.79–1.01) |
1.02 (0.92–1.13) |
1.14 (1.01–1.30) |
1.26 (1.06–1.49) |
1.37 (1.10–1.70) |
0.0014 |
| Baseline HOMA-IR | |||||||
| SM-18 |
0.79 (0.69–0.92) |
0.88 (0.81–0.97) |
0.96 (0.89–1.04) |
1.04 (0.94–1.14) |
1.10 (0.98–1.25) |
1.17 (1.00–1.36) |
0.0039 |
| SM-20 |
0.78 (0.68–0.89) |
0.88 (0.81–0.96) |
0.97 (0.90–1.04) |
1.05 (0.96–1.15) |
1.13 (1.00–1.27) |
1.20 (1.03–1.40) |
0.0006 |
| SM-22 |
0.81 (0.71–0.93) |
0.92 (0.84–1.00) |
1.02 (0.95–1.09) |
1.11 (1.01–1.21) |
1.19 (1.06–1.34) |
1.27 (1.09–1.48) |
0.0005 |
| SM-24 |
0.76 (0.66–0.87) |
0.87 (0.80–0.95) |
0.97 (0.91–1.04) |
1.06 (0.98–1.16) |
1.15 (1.03–1.29) |
1.24 (1.08–1.42) |
5.2 × 10−5 |
| Follow-up HOMA-IR | |||||||
| SM-18 |
0.86 (0.69–1.07) |
0.96 (0.83–1.10) |
1.05 (0.93–1.18) |
1.13 (0.98–1.31) |
1.21 (0.99–1.47) |
1.28 (1.00–1.64) |
0.052 |
| SM-20 |
0.78 (0.63–0.95) |
0.91 (0.80–1.04) |
1.04 (0.93–1.17) |
1.17 (1.01–1.35) |
1.29 (1.06–1.56) |
1.40 (1.10–1.79) |
0.0030 |
| SM-22 |
0.80 (0.64–0.99) |
0.94 (0.82–1.07) |
1.07 (0.96–1.20) |
1.20 (1.04–1.40) |
1.33 (1.09–1.62) |
1.45 (1.13–1.86) |
0.0036 |
| SM-24 |
0.77 (0.62–0.94) |
0.90 (0.79–1.02) |
1.02 (0.92–1.14) |
1.14 (1.00–1.31) |
1.26 (1.05–1.51) |
1.37 (1.09–1.72) |
0.0029 |
| Baseline HOMA-B | |||||||
| SM-18 |
0.77 (0.68–0.88) |
0.86 (0.79–0.93) |
0.93 (0.87–1.00) |
1.00 (0.92–1.09) |
1.07 (0.95–1.19) |
1.13 (0.98–1.30) |
0.0020 |
| SM-20 |
0.84 (0.74–0.95) |
0.90 (0.83–0.97) |
0.95 (0.88–1.01) |
0.99 (0.91–1.08) |
1.03 (0.92–1.15) |
1.07 (0.93–1.23) |
0.033 |
| SM-22 |
0.82 (0.72–0.93) |
0.90 (0.83–0.98) |
0.98 (0.91–1.04) |
1.04 (0.96–1.14) |
1.11 (0.99–1.24) |
1.17 (1.02–1.34) |
0.0022 |
| SM-24 |
0.75 (0.66–0.84) |
0.84 (0.78–0.91) |
0.93 (0.87–0.99) |
1.01 (0.94–1.09) |
1.09 (0.99–1.21) |
1.16 (1.02–1.32) |
5.3 × 10−5 |
| Follow-up HOMA-B | |||||||
| SM-18 |
0.80 (0.67–0.97) |
0.93 (0.83–1.05) |
1.05 (0.95–1.16) |
1.17 (1.03–1.32) |
1.27 (1.08–1.51) |
1.38 (1.11–1.70) |
0.0026 |
| SM-20 |
0.81 (0.68–0.97) |
0.94 (0.84–1.05) |
1.05 (0.95–1.16) |
1.16 (1.02–1.31) |
1.26 (1.07–1.49) |
1.35 (1.10–1.67) |
0.0029 |
| SM-22 |
0.80 (0.66–0.96) |
0.94 (0.84–1.05) |
1.07 (0.97–1.18) |
1.19 (1.05–1.35) |
1.31 (1.11–1.56) |
1.43 (1.16–1.77) |
0.0009 |
| SM-24 | 0.73 (0.61–0.88) | 0.87 (0.78–0.97) | 1.00 (0.91–1.09) | 1.12 (1.00–1.26) | 1.24 (1.06–1.45) | 1.36 (1.12–1.65) | 0.0002 |