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. 2018 Jul 20;8:10995. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29304-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Characterization of MD and MQ produced by the 3D printed MFPs. (a) Comparison between the experimentally measured, numerical simulation, and analytically calculated flow profiles of the MD using Design 1 MFP. D = 400 µm, α = 3. (b) Comparison between the experimentally measured, the numerical simulation, and analytical flow profiles of the MQ using the Design 2 MFP with fluorescein (left) and rhodamine B (right). D = 180 µm, α = 3. (c) MD profiles produced using the Design 1 MFP as a function of aperture spacing to diameter ratio (S/D). Q_inj = 100 nL/s, α = 5. (d) MD profiles of the Design 2 MFP (clear resin MFP coated with black ink) as a function Q_inj. S/D = 4.8, α = 3. (e) MQ profiles produced using Design 1 MFP as a function of S/D. Q_inj = 100 nL/s, α = 3. (f) MQ profiles produced using Design 2 MFP (gray resin)as a function of α. Q_inj = 100 nL/s, S/D = 5.5. All scale bars are 500 µm.