Table 4.
Ethno-veterinary remedies against ecto- and endo-parasites
| Animals | Components of remedy** | Procedure | Areas |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mange | |||
| Pigs, cows | Lentisk oil | Scrubbed on skin | Gallura |
| Pigs | (*) Ozzu porchinu (fat from lard) | Mixed, scrubbed on nose | Monte Acuto |
| Dogs | Copper sulphate | Scrubbed on infested skin | Goceano |
| Dogs | Copper sulphate, olive oil | Scrubbed on infested skin | Nurra |
| Pigs, dogs | (*) Copper sulphate, ozzu casu (fat obtained by boiling the cream of milk with flour), pumice stone | The skin was scrubbed using a pumice stone prior applying the mixture | Sassarese, Nurra |
| Dogs | (*) Copper sulphate, ozzu seu (dried peritoneum of sheep) | Mixed, scrubbed on nose | Goceano |
| Dogs | (*) Burnt cork | Scrubbed on nose | Goceano |
| Cows | Albanian spurge (Euphorbia characias) stems | Stems of the plant applied on the infected skin | Sassarese |
| Pigs | (*) Olive oil | Scrubbed on skin | Sassarese |
| Pigs, oxen | (*) Ozzu brujadu (Reused motor oil) | Applied on the skin with a brush | Monte Acuto, Sassarese, Nurra, Gallura, Anglona |
| Pigs | Seed oil, copper sulphate | Scrubbed on skin | Nurra |
| Pigs | Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) bone | The powder scrubbed on skin | Sassarese |
| Pigs | Diesel oil | Applied on the skin | Nurra |
| Cattle a, horses, pigs, dogs, cats, hens | Dregs of olive oil, copper sulphate | Applied on the skin | Campidano di Oristano |
| Lice | |||
| Cattle a | Olive oil | Applied on the skin | Gallura |
| Hens | Lesser calmint (Calamintha nepeta) | The plant was placed in the hen house so that the smell kept away lice | Sassarese |
| Forest fly (musca caddina)(Hippobosca equina L.) | |||
| Horses, cows | Vinegar, olive oil | Applied to the skin | Monte Acuto |
| Cattle a | (*) Olive oil | Applied to the skin | Gallura |
| Cattle, horses, pigs, dogs, cats, hens | Navelwort (Umbilicus rupestris) leaves | Crushed fresh leaves applied onto the wound | Gallura |
| Su solde (Wounds infected by maggots) | |||
| Cattlea, horses | (*) Plum tree (Prunus spinosa) leaves | Crushed fresh leaves applied onto the wound and wrapped with a bandage | Monte Acuto, |
| Cattle a, pigs | Lesser calmint (Calamintha nepeta) | The fresh plants were smashed into a glass then the juice applied onto the wound | Monte Acuto, Meilogu |
| Cattle a, horses, pigs | Ozzu casu (fat obtained by boiling the cream of the milk with flour) | Massaged on wound | Monte Acuto |
| Foot rot | |||
| Oxen | Knife | Needed to extract the worms | Monte Acuto |
| Horses | Seawater | Hoof washed with sea water | Gallura |
| Cattlea | Lime and water | Animals run through a foot bath | Gallura |
| Cattle a | Hot ozzu seu (dried peritoneum of sheep) | Applied to the skin | Monte Acuto |
| cattle a, pigs | Copper sulphate | Copper sulphate was ground and the powder was then applied to the foot | Sassarese, Anglona |
| Liver flukes | |||
| Cattle a | Brandy (distilled from grapes) | Given as a drink, administered as a preventive | Monte Acuto |
aCure for cows, calves, and oxen
(*)Remedies still in use
(**)Typed in bold are components of remedies showing highest indices in the quantitative analysis