Table 2.
Comparison of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings between the three groups
| Normal (n = 8)1 | FAT (n = 93)1 | FIB (n = 22)1 | P-value2 | P-value3 | P-value4 | P-value5 | ||
| Clinical findings | Age (yr) | 11 (9.25-13.75) | 12 (10-15.5) | 10 (8.75-11) | < 0.001a | 0.611 | 0.855 | < 0.001a |
| Gender (M:F) | 4:04 | 70:23:00 | 9:13 | 0.005a | 0.615 | 1.000 | 0.012a | |
| Weight (kg) | 36.5 (28.5-49.5) | 65 (51.9-76.5) | 33 (28.3-44) | < 0.001a | 0.001a | 1.000 | < 0.001a | |
| Height (cm) | 145 (137-162) | 158 (145-164) | 136.3 (131.8-148.1) | < 0.001a | 0.543 | 0.563 | < 0.001a | |
| AST (IU/L) | 22.5 (18.3-24.8) | 52.0 (27.0-80.5) | 33.0 (22.8-68.0) | 0.007a | 0.008a | 0.167 | 0.541 | |
| ALT (IU/L) | 11.0 (9.0-12.0) | 87.0 (44.5-138.5) | 28.0 (16.0-55.3) | < 0.001a | < 0.001a | 0.533 | < 0.001a | |
| MRI findings | PDFF (%) | 2.65 (2.4-3.1) | 22 (14.1-34) | 2.6 (2.0-4.1) | < 0.001a | < 0.001a | 1.000 | < 0.001a |
| T2* (millisecond) | 25.8 (22.0-27.3) | 18 (16.1-20.75) | 23.4 (21-26.6) | < 0.001a | 0.007a | 1.000 | < 0.001a | |
| MRE (kPa)6 | 2.0 (1.6-2.5) | 2.6 (2.2-3.1) | 3.2 (2.8-4.6) | < 0.001a | 0.058 | < 0.001a | 0.001a | |
| D (× 10-3 mm2/s) | 1.06 (1.03, 1.1) | 1.07 (0.94, 1.35) | 0.93 (0.81, 1.2) | 0.158 | ||||
| D* (× 10-3 mm2/s) | 70.2 (44.3, 139.7) | 61 (39.5, 81.2) | 36.5 (19.2, 52.5) | 0.001a | 0.937 | 0.015a | 0.003a | |
| f (%) | 28.5 (18.6, 34.8) | 31.5 (27.9, 39.3) | 19.3 (14.0, 33.2) | 0.001a | 0.542 | 1.000 | < 0.001a | |
| ADC (× 10-3 mm2/s) | 1.08 (0.97, 1.2) | 1.05 (0.9, 1.21) | 0.97 (0.89, 1.15) | 0.575 |
a
P < 0.05;
1
All values: Median (Q1-Q3);
2
Overall P-value from Kruskal-Wallis test or Fisher’s exact test, after testing with Dunn’s method for multiple comparisons;
3
Normal vs FAT groups;
4
Normal vs FIB groups;
5
FAT vs FIB groups;
6
n = 7, 77, 19 for the normal, FAT, and FIB groups, respectively. FAT: Fatty liver; FIB: Fibrotic liver; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; PDFF: MR proton density fat fraction; MRE: MR elastography; ADC: Apparent diffusion coefficient.